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In this context, colloidal drug delivery systems (CDDSs) have emerged as an innovative nanomedicine strategy that demonstrates remarkable advantages in enhancing ocular drug bioavailability and treatment precision through the integration of sustained release, active targeting, and stimulus-responsive functional modules. This review systematically summarizes recent research advances in CDDSs for treating ocular neovascular diseases, with a particular focus on design strategies and mechanisms for overcoming physiological barriers and achieving lesion-specific drug delivery. Furthermore, it provides in-depth analysis of key challenges in current clinical translation. With ongoing technological advancements, CDDSs are expected to offer breakthrough solutions for treating ocular neovascular diseases, ultimately leading to significant improvements in patients\u2019 visual prognosis and quality of life.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules31071169","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T14:59:01Z","timestamp":1775055541000},"page":"1169","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Engineering Strategies of Colloidal Drug Delivery Systems, a Rising Star in Ocular Neovascular Diseases"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Yueping","family":"Bai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin 300020, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and KLMDASR of Tianjin, Nankai University, Tongyan Road, Haihe Education Park, Tianjin 300350, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lu","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin 300020, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cui","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin 300020, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiping","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin 300020, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9003-3652","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pai","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Separation Membrane Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China"},{"name":"Cangzhou Institute of Tiangong University, Cangzhou 061000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4224-3807","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shuo","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin 300020, China"},{"name":"Nankai University Affiliated Tianjin Eye Hospital, Nankai University Optometry and Vision Science Institute, Tianjin 300071, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-023-05897-8","article-title":"Microglial Galectin3 enhances endothelial metabolism and promotes pathological angiogenesis via Notch inhibition by competitively binding to Jag1","volume":"14","author":"Zhou","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-024-03373-x","article-title":"Exploring new horizons in neovascular age-related macular degeneration: Novel mechanisms of action and future therapeutic avenues","volume":"39","author":"Shirian","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eye"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2423677122","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2423677122","article-title":"Semaphorin 6A phase separation sustains a histone lactylation\u2013dependent lactate buildup in pathological angiogenesis","volume":"122","author":"Ma","year":"2025","journal-title":"Proc. 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