{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T08:46:31Z","timestamp":1776761191542,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776729600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Leaves from California yerba santa (Eriodictyon californicum) have been used historically by indigenous peoples for medicinal purposes. Recent research has ascribed potential pharmaceutical effects to leaf polyphenols, without a consideration of other constituents. Based on prior analyses of polyphenols in leaves sampled in nature, five accessions known to be rich in sterubin and five accessions known to be rich in eriolic acid C were grown from seeds in Ontario, Oregon, and samples of their leaves were harvested and evaluated for their essential oil and polyphenol contents. The major essential oil components in E. californicum were 1,8-cineole (0.6\u201335.5%), (Z)-\u03b2-ocimene (6.8\u201315.7%), terpinen-4-ol (8.3\u201316.1%), \u03b1-pinene (2.6\u201313.6%), \u03b2-phellandrene (1.9\u201311.7%), \u03b3-terpinene (4.6\u20137.9%), ethyl (E)-cinnamate (0.2\u20138.9%), \u03b1-terpineol (1.5\u20135.2%), p-cymene (2.0\u20135.3%), and \u03b2-pinene (0.6\u20136.8%). Fifteen polyphenols with a prominence of eriolic acid C, rosmarinic acid, sterubin, homoeriodictyol, 6-methoxynaringenin, hesperetin, and eriodictyol were identified. Essential oils may contribute to the medicinal properties of the leaves of California yerba santa. Results from the ten samples were evaluated for both polyphenols and essential oils; the variations in several essential oils may be correlated to variations in some of the polyphenols.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules31081356","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T07:57:21Z","timestamp":1776758241000},"page":"1356","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Chemical Composition of Eriodictyon californicum (California Yerba Santa) Cultivated in Ontario, Oregon, USA"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9911-7345","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Clinton C.","family":"Shock","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Crop and Soil Science, Oregon State University, Ontario, OR 97914, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ambika","family":"Poudel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aromatic Plant Research Center, 230 N 1200 E, Suite 100, Lehi, UT 84043, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2950-1074","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Prabodh","family":"Satyal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aromatic Plant Research Center, 230 N 1200 E, Suite 100, Lehi, UT 84043, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4984-5931","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jianping","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7746-0898","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joseph","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3686-4292","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Natural Products Utilization Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, University, MS 38677, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3639-0528","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"William N.","family":"Setzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aromatic Plant Research Center, 230 N 1200 E, Suite 100, Lehi, UT 84043, USA"},{"name":"Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00379642","article-title":"The Seasonal Dynamics of Leaf Resin, Nitrogen, and Herbivore Damage in Eriodictyon californicum and Their Parallels in Diplacus aurantiacus","volume":"61","author":"Johnson","year":"1984","journal-title":"Oecologia"},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"World Flora Online (2026, March 18). An Online Flora of All Known Plants. Available online: https:\/\/www.worldfloraonline.org\/."},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"Immel, D.L. (2002). California Yerba Santa, Eriodictyon californicum (Hook. & Arn.) Torr."},{"key":"ref_4","unstructured":"Moerman, D.E. (1998). Native American Ethnobotany, Timber Press, Inc."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/0305-1978(83)90056-X","article-title":"Flavonoid Aglycones from Eriodictyon californicum Resin and Their Implications for Herbivory and UV Screening","volume":"11","author":"Johnson","year":"1983","journal-title":"Biochem. Syst. Ecol."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1021\/np50081a012","article-title":"Isolation of Potential Cancer Chemopreventive Agents from Eriodictyon californicum","volume":"55","author":"Liu","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Nat. Prod."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1850","DOI":"10.1021\/jf903286s","article-title":"Identification of Bisprenylated Benzoic Acid Derivatives from Yerba Santa (Eriodictyon ssp.) Using Sensory-Guided Fractionation","volume":"58","author":"Reichelt","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1007\/s13765-015-0015-0","article-title":"Identification of Flavonoids from Eriodictyon californicum and Their Cytotoxicity against HCT116 Colon Cancer Cells","volume":"58","author":"Shin","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Korean Soc. Appl. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115570","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2023.115570","article-title":"Chemical Characterization and Quantitative Determination of Flavonoids and Phenolic Acids in Yerba Santa (Eriodictyon spp.) Using UHPLC\/DAD\/Q-ToF","volume":"234","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13117","DOI":"10.1021\/jf204359q","article-title":"In Vitro Evaluation of Flavonoids from Eriodictyon californicum for Antagonist Activity against the Bitterness Receptor HTAS2R31","volume":"59","author":"Fletcher","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6061","DOI":"10.1021\/jf0505170","article-title":"Evaluation of Bitter Masking Flavanones from Herba Santa (Eriodictyon californicum (H. & A.) Torr., Hydrophyllaceae)","volume":"53","author":"Ley","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2237-9241","article-title":"Eriodictyon californicum (Hook. & Arn.) Torr. \/ Yerba Santa","volume":"45","year":"2024","journal-title":"Zeitschrift fur Phyther."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9673(01)80947-X","article-title":"A Generalization of the Retention Index System Including Linear Temperature Programmed Gas-Liquid Partition Chromatography","volume":"11","author":"Kratz","year":"1963","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. A"},{"key":"ref_14","unstructured":"Adams, R.P. (2007). Identification of Essential Oil Components by Gas Chromatography\/Mass Spectrometry, Allured Publishing. [4th ed.]."},{"key":"ref_15","unstructured":"Satyal, P. (2015). Development of GC-MS Database of Essential Oil Components by the Analysis of Natural Essential Oils and Synthetic Compounds and Discovery of Biologically Active Novel Chemotypes in Essential Oils. [Ph.D. Thesis, University of Alabama in Huntsville]."},{"key":"ref_16","unstructured":"Mondello, L. (2016). FFNSC 3, Shimadzu Scientific Instruments."},{"key":"ref_17","unstructured":"(2020). NIST\/EPA\/NIH Mass Spectral Library 2020 (NIST20) (Standard No. NIST20)."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6866","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1031755100","article-title":"Crosstalk between Cytosolic and Plastidial Pathways of Isoprenoid Biosynthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana","volume":"100","author":"Laule","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1219","DOI":"10.1271\/bbb.110228","article-title":"The Biosynthesis of Isoprenoids and the Mechanisms Regulating It in Plants","volume":"75","author":"Okada","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1214","DOI":"10.1002\/biot.200700084","article-title":"Biotechnology of Flavonoids and Other Phenylpropanoid-Derived Natural Products. Part I: Chemical Diversity, Impacts on Plant Biology and Human Health","volume":"2","author":"Ververidis","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biotechnol. J."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1007\/s00425-010-1206-x","article-title":"Enzymes of Phenylpropanoid Metabolism in the Important Medicinal Plant Melissa officinalis L.","volume":"232","author":"Weitzel","year":"2010","journal-title":"Planta"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1596","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1432-1327.2001.02030.x","article-title":"Biosynthesis of Cannabinoids","volume":"268","author":"Fellermeier","year":"2001","journal-title":"Eur. J. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4238","DOI":"10.1093\/plcell\/koad228","article-title":"MYB24 Orchestrates Terpene and Flavonol Metabolism as Light Responses to Anthocyanin Depletion in Variegated Grape Berries","volume":"35","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Plant Cell"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, C., Sarangapani, S., Wang, Q., Nadimuthu, K., and Sarojam, R. (2020). Metabolic Engineering of the Native Monoterpene Pathway in Spearmint for Production of Heterologous Monoterpenes Reveals Complex Metabolism and Pathway Interactions. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 21.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21176164"},{"key":"ref_25","first-page":"1934578X231161186","article-title":"The Essential Oils of Rubber Rabbitbrush (Ericameria nauseosa) from North-Central Utah and Southwestern Idaho","volume":"18","author":"Stirling","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Prod. Commun."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Moore, A., Ankney, E., Swor, K., Poudel, A., Satyal, P., and Setzer, W.N. (2025). Leaf Essential Oil Compositions and Enantiomeric Distributions of Monoterpenoids in Pinus Species: Pinus albicaulis, Pinus flexilis, Pinus lambertiana, Pinus monticola, and Pinus sabiniana. Molecules, 30.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules30020244"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1016\/j.indcrop.2009.07.014","article-title":"Variability in Essential Oil and Bioactive Chiral Monoterpenoid Compositions of Indian Oregano (Origanum vulgare L.) Populations from Northwestern Himalaya and Their Chemotaxonomy","volume":"30","author":"Bisht","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ind. Crops Prod."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1590\/S0102-695X2011005000123","article-title":"Enantiomeric Distribution of Key Volatile Components in Citrus Essential Oils","volume":"21","author":"Bonaccorsi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Rev. Bras. Farmacogn."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e22434","DOI":"10.1002\/jbt.22434","article-title":"Eriodictyol Ameliorates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury by Suppressing the Inflammatory COX-2\/NLRP3\/NF-\u039aB Pathway in Mice","volume":"34","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Biochem. Mol. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1021\/jf072826r","article-title":"Neuroprotective Effect of Citrus Flavanones against H2O2-Induced Cytotoxicity in PC12 Cells","volume":"56","author":"Hwang","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yin, H., Li, Y., Feng, Y., Tian, L., and Li, Y. (2024). The Extraction, Biosynthesis, Health-Promoting and Therapeutic Properties of Natural Flavanone Eriodictyol. Nutrients, 16.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16234237"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Choi, S.-S., Lee, S.-H., and Lee, K.-A. (2022). A Comparative Study of Hesperetin, Hesperidin and Hesperidin Glucoside: Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antibacterial Activities in Vitro. Antioxidants, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox11081618"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Evans, J.A., Mendonca, P., and Soliman, K.F.A. (2022). Neuroprotective Effects and Therapeutic Potential of the Citrus Flavonoid Hesperetin in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Nutrients, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14112228"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1007\/s12012-011-9114-2","article-title":"Cardioprotective Effects of Hesperetin against Doxorubicin-Induced Oxidative Stress and DNA Damage in Rat","volume":"11","author":"Trivedi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.13645","article-title":"The Protective Effect of the Natural Compound Hesperetin against Fulminant Hepatitis in Vivo and in Vitro","volume":"174","author":"Bai","year":"2017","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6730","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2021.07.046","article-title":"Hesperidin and Its Aglycone Hesperetin in Breast Cancer Therapy: A Review of Recent Developments and Future Prospects","volume":"28","author":"Yap","year":"2021","journal-title":"Saudi J. Biol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.22207\/JPAM.19.1.49","article-title":"Exploring the Antimicrobial Potential of Hesperetin: A Study on Clinically Relevant Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens","volume":"19","author":"Verma","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Pure Appl. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.56499\/jppres23.1878_12.4.615","article-title":"Exploring the Antinociceptive Potential of Homoeriodictyol in Nociception Models","volume":"12","author":"Bsieso","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Pharmacogn. Res."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101089","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.101089","article-title":"Old Age-Associated Phenotypic Screening for Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Drug Candidates Identifies Sterubin as a Potent Neuroprotective Compound from Yerba Santa","volume":"21","author":"Fischer","year":"2019","journal-title":"Redox Biol."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7299","DOI":"10.1002\/chem.202001264","article-title":"Sterubin: Enantioresolution and Configurational Stability, Enantiomeric Purity in Nature, and Neuroprotective Activity in Vitro and in Vivo","volume":"26","author":"Hofmann","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chem.\u2014A Eur. J."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103560","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2023.103560","article-title":"Sterubin Protects against Chemically-Induced Alzheimer\u2019s Disease by Reducing Biomarkers of Inflammation- IL-6\/ IL-\u03b2\/ TNF-\u03b1 and Oxidative Stress- SOD\/MDA in Rats","volume":"30","author":"Kazmi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Saudi J. Biol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"768","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1346-8138.2008.00565.x","article-title":"Effect of Rosmarinic Acid on Atopic Dermatitis","volume":"35","author":"Lee","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1111\/bcpt.12335","article-title":"Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Rosmarinic Acid and an Extract of Rosmarinus officinalis in Rat Models of Local and Systemic Inflammation","volume":"116","author":"Rocha","year":"2015","journal-title":"Basic Clin. Pharmacol. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kernou, O.N., Azzouz, Z., Madani, K., and Rijo, P. (2023). Application of Rosmarinic Acid with Its Derivatives in the Treatment of Microbial Pathogens. Molecules, 28.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules28104243"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2119","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.7825","article-title":"Molecular Mechanisms of Neuroprotective Offerings by Rosmarinic Acid against Neurodegenerative and Other CNS Pathologies","volume":"37","author":"Ravaria","year":"2023","journal-title":"Phyther. Res."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/47.5.565","article-title":"Antibacterial Activity of Essential Oils and Their Major Constituents against Respiratory Tract Pathogens by Gaseous Contact","volume":"47","author":"Inouye","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2852","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2014.3103","article-title":"Antibacterial Activity and Mode of Action of the Artemisia capillaris Essential Oil and Its Constituents against Respiratory Tract Infection-Causing Pathogens","volume":"11","author":"Yang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mol. Med. Rep."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1737","DOI":"10.1007\/s12325-020-01279-0","article-title":"New Perspectives for Mucolytic, Anti-Inflammatory and Adjunctive Therapy with 1,8-Cineole in COPD and Asthma: Review on the New Therapeutic Approach","volume":"37","author":"Juergens","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv. Ther."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pupt.2016.09.004","article-title":"Eucalyptol Attenuates Cigarette Smoke-Induced Acute Lung Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in the Mouse","volume":"41","author":"Okuro","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pulm. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1220","DOI":"10.1177\/09731296241296202","article-title":"Protective Effect of 1,8-Cineole (Eucalyptol) on Respiratory System: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis from Animal Studies","volume":"21","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pharmacogn. Mag."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11670","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.4c10860","article-title":"1,8-Cineole Ameliorated Staphylococcus aureus-Induced Pneumonia through Modulation of TRP-KYN and Arginine-NO Reprogramming","volume":"73","author":"Cao","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1247","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-990224","article-title":"Antinociceptive Properties of 1,8-Cineole and \u03b2-Pinene, from the Essential Oil of Eucalyptus camaldulensis Leaves, in Rodents","volume":"73","author":"Liapi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Planta Med."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cordeiro, L., Figueiredo, P., Souza, H., Sousa, A., Andrade-J\u00fanior, F., Medeiros, D., N\u00f3brega, J., Silva, D., Martins, E., and Barbosa-Filho, J. (2020). Terpinen-4-ol as an Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Agent against Staphylococcus aureus. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 21.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21124531"},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ankney, E., Swor, K., Satyal, P., and Setzer, W.N. (2022). Essential Oil Compositions of Pinus Species (P. contorta subsp. contorta, P. ponderosa var. ponderosa, and P. flexilis); Enantiomeric Distribution of Terpenoids in Pinus Species. Molecules, 27.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27175658"},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Swor, K., Satyal, P., Poudel, A., and Setzer, W.N. (2023). Gymnosperms of Idaho: Chemical Compositions and Enantiomeric Distributions of Essential Oils of Abies lasiocarpa, Picea engelmannii, Pinus contorta, Pseudotsuga menziesii, and Thuja plicata. Molecules, 28.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules28062477"}],"container-title":["Molecules"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1420-3049\/31\/8\/1356\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T07:57:52Z","timestamp":1776758272000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1420-3049\/31\/8\/1356"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]}},"alternative-id":["molecules31081356"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/molecules31081356","relation":{},"ISSN":["1420-3049"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1420-3049","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]]}}}