{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:59:05Z","timestamp":1787029145722,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan","award":["No. 190\/GF 24-26 AP23484003 \u201cDevelopment of new domestic, and environmentally friendly pharmacological substances for the treatment of skin diseases\u201d"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 190\/GF 24-26 AP23484003 \u201cDevelopment of new domestic, and environmentally friendly pharmacological substances for the treatment of skin diseases\u201d"]}]},{"award":["No. 190\/GF 24-26 AP23484003 \u201cDevelopment of new domestic, and environmentally friendly pharmacological substances for the treatment of skin diseases\u201d"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 190\/GF 24-26 AP23484003 \u201cDevelopment of new domestic, and environmentally friendly pharmacological substances for the treatment of skin diseases\u201d"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05tyne317","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A phytopreparation based on the CO2 extract of Arctium tomentosum Mill. root (AT) was evaluated for its safety and anti-inflammatory potential in Swiss albino mice. Acute and 28-day subacute oral toxicity studies demonstrated that AT, at doses up to 5000 mg\/kg (acute) and 400 mg\/kg (subacute), did not induce mortality, clinical signs of toxicity, or adverse effects on body weight, relative organ weights, or hematological and biochemical parameters. Histopathological analyses confirmed preserved tissue architecture in major organs, indicating the absence of structural toxicity. Anti-inflammatory activity was assessed using xylene-induced ear edema and LPS-induced systemic inflammation models. AT significantly reduced ear edema and suppressed the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-\u03b1, IL-6, and IL-1\u03b2) in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, AT exhibited potent hepatoprotective and nephroprotective effects, as reflected by the stabilization of ALT, AST, SCr, and BUN levels. Histological examination of inflamed tissues corroborated these findings. Overall, AT is well tolerated and demonstrates potent systemic anti-inflammatory and multi-organ protective properties, supporting its potential as a promising therapeutic candidate for inflammatory and oxidative stress-related conditions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules31111900","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T12:19:42Z","timestamp":1780316382000},"page":"1900","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["CO2-Extract-Based Phytopreparation from Arctium tomentosum Mill. Root Exhibits No Acute and Subacute Toxicity and Suppresses Xylene-Induced Ear Edema and LPS-Induced Acute Inflammation in Mice"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7552-0260","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arailym","family":"Aitynova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 71 Al-Farabi Ave., Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Moldyr","family":"Dyusebaeva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 71 Al-Farabi Ave., Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diana","family":"Issayeva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific Center for Anti-Infectious Drugs, 75B Al-Farabi Ave., Almaty 050060, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7213-7458","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gulzat","family":"Berganayeva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 71 Al-Farabi Ave., Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nailya","family":"Ibragimova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Engineering and Information Technologies, Kazakh-German University (DKU), Almaty 050010, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1417-2992","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alya","family":"Berganayeva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 71 Al-Farabi Ave., Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tamara","family":"Shalakhmetova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 71 Al-Farabi Ave., Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6168-3429","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bogdan","family":"Sevastre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinic and Paraclinic Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"770","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jnatprod.9b01285","article-title":"Natural Products as Sources of New Drugs over the Nearly Four Decades from 01\/1981 to 09\/2019","volume":"83","author":"Newman","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. 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