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This study investigated mildew-induced resistance in roses by assessing larval feeding responses to leaf extracts. Infected rose leaf extracts significantly inhibited larval feeding (68.55% inhibition; t = 4.742, df = 28, p = 0.0002). Untargeted LC-MS metabolomics identified 1046 metabolites in R. chinensis. P. pannosa infection altered the rose metabolome, yielding 64 differentially accumulated metabolites (47 up, 17 down). Among these, five compounds were markedly upregulated: dehydro(11,12) ursolic acid lactone (A), maslinic acid (B), trametenolic acid B (C), betulonic acid (D), and ganolucidic acid B (E). All five inhibited larval feeding. Compound A showed the strongest activity (80.99% at 0.1 mg\/mL), with an EC50 of 0.015 mg\/mL. EC50 values for compounds B\u2013E were 1.256, 0.067, 1.189, and 0.014 mg\/mL, respectively. This study elucidates a resistance mechanism of mildew-induced roses and suggests that compounds with low EC50 values (e.g., A and E) warrant further investigation as potential candidates for eco-friendly pest management under laboratory conditions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules31111955","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T17:11:04Z","timestamp":1780593064000},"page":"1955","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Mildew-Induced Resistance in Roses Against Spodoptera exigua and Chemical Compounds Produced During the Defense Response"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Guiyan","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Highly-Efficient Utilization of Forestry Biomass Resources in Southwest China, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruiqing","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Highly-Efficient Utilization of Forestry Biomass Resources in Southwest China, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kunming Natural Resources Comprehensive Investigation Center, China Geological Survey, Kunming 650100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0318-7408","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guolei","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Highly-Efficient Utilization of Forestry Biomass Resources in Southwest China, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pu\u2019er University, Pu\u2019er 665000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3962-6938","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fazhong","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Highly-Efficient Utilization of Forestry Biomass Resources in Southwest China, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-9145-5488","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yunxian","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Highly-Efficient Utilization of Forestry Biomass Resources in Southwest China, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1111\/1365-2435.12053","article-title":"Combined Effects of Arthropod Herbivores and Phytopathogens on Plant Performance","volume":"27","author":"Hauser","year":"2013","journal-title":"Funct. 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