{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T12:13:13Z","timestamp":1785413593234,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,7]],"date-time":"2026-06-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780790400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007161","name":"Secretar\u00eda de Investigaci\u00f3n y Posgrado del Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["SIP-20250835"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SIP-20250835"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007161","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007161","name":"Secretar\u00eda de Investigaci\u00f3n y Posgrado del Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["SIP20260118"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SIP20260118"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007161","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"award":["SIP-20250835"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SIP-20250835"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/059sp8j34","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["SIP20260118"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SIP20260118"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/059sp8j34","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007045","name":"Secretaria de Ciencia, Humanidades, Tecnolog\u00eda e Innovaci\u00f3n","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CF-2023-I-1738"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CF-2023-I-1738"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007045","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["CF-2023-I-1738"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CF-2023-I-1738"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/059ex5q34","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In searching for novel molecules to act as antibacterial agents, particularly against Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria, three series of C5- and C6-substituted 1,2,3-triazine compounds were investigated: 1,2,3-triazine-4-carboxylate 1-oxide (series 1), 1,2,3-triazine-4-carboxylate (series 2), and 3,6-dihydro-1,2,3-triazine-4-carboxylate 1-oxide derivatives (series 3). Their structural elucidation was confirmed by 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and HRMS. We determined their antibacterial activity (MIC value) using the MABA against the M. tuberculosis H37Rv strain, as well as their physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties. Finally, to determine their potential mode of action, an inhibition assay against M. tuberculosis DNA gyrase was performed. Compounds 4-ethoxycarbonyl-5-(3-methoxyphenyl)-1,2,3-triazine (2l) and 4-ethoxycarbonyl-5 -(n-propyl)-1,2,3-triazine (3s) exhibited high activity against M. tuberculosis with MIC values &lt; 5.90 \u00b5g\/mL and selectivity index of 18.56 and 8.36, respectively. Additionally, compound 2m also exhibited anti-mycobacterial activity with MIC values &lt; 10.0 \u00b5g\/mL. However, none of the selected compounds inhibited the activity of M. tuberculosis DNA gyrase, suggesting that another drug target may be involved as a mode of action. These results encourage exploring the use of 1,2,3-triazine as a scaffold for the development of new anti-mycobacterium agents.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules31121993","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T02:32:46Z","timestamp":1780885966000},"page":"1993","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Biological Evaluation of Esters of 4-Carboxylate-1,2,3-triazine and Analogs as New Potential Anti-Mycobacterium tuberculosis Agents"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9842-4167","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gildardo","family":"Rivera","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Biotecnolog\u00eda Farmac\u00e9utica, Centro de Biotecnolog\u00eda Gen\u00f3mica, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Reynosa 88710, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8322-6731","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diana V.","family":"Navarrete-Carriola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Biotecnolog\u00eda Farmac\u00e9utica, Centro de Biotecnolog\u00eda Gen\u00f3mica, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Reynosa 88710, Mexico"},{"name":"Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"De Angelis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alma D.","family":"Paz-Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Biotecnolog\u00eda Farmac\u00e9utica, Centro de Biotecnolog\u00eda Gen\u00f3mica, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico 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of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8698-0243","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Scott","family":"Franzblau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Tuberculosis Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6140-8953","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marlet","family":"Mart\u00ednez-Archundia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Dise\u00f1o y Desarrollo de Nuevos F\u00e1rmacos e Innovaci\u00f3n Biotecnol\u00f3gica, Departamento de Posgrado, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, M\u00e9xico City 11340, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4100-8255","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adriana","family":"Moreno-Rodr\u00edguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Estudios Epidemiol\u00f3gicos, Cl\u00ednicos, Dise\u00f1os Experimentales e Investigaci\u00f3n, Facultad de Ciencias Qu\u00edmicas, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma \u201cBenito Ju\u00e1rez\u201d de Oaxaca, Oaxaca 68120, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0124-531X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isidro","family":"Palos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad Acad\u00e9mica Multidisciplinaria Reynosa-Rodhe, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Tamaulipas, Reynosa 88779, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1386-3780","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael 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