{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T08:40:42Z","timestamp":1785400842935,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783641600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Investigaci\u00f3n Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional","award":["20260089"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20260089"]}]},{"award":["20260089"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20260089"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/059sp8j34","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Hypertension is a prevalent disorder that results in millions of deaths worldwide. In this regard, timely diagnosis and effective treatment are paramount for maintaining optimal blood pressure levels in the early stages of the disease. The objective of the present study was to synthesize and assess the effect of peptides derived from chia seeds that had undergone fermentation with Lacticaseibacillus paracasei strain 2501 (hereinafter referred to as LPDP, i.e., L. paracasei-derived products from this fermentation) on the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and the spontaneously hypertensive rat model (SHR). LPDP exhibited competitive inhibition, as evidenced by the identification of seven peptides in the &lt;1 kDa fraction by HPLC-QToF-MS. The LPDP exhibited an IC50 of 11.1 \u03bcg\/mL on ACE. The oral administration of 50 mg\/kg body weight (BW) to SHR over a 14-day period resulted in a significant reduction in systolic pressure from 152 to 87 mmHg, accompanied by a substantial decrease in diastolic pressure from 117 to 74 mmHg. It is noteworthy that doses of 500 mg\/kg BW led to a significant reduction in systolic pressure, from 154 to 68 mmHg and diastolic pressure, from 117 to 42 mmHg under identical experimental conditions. The hematological profiling of the assayed animals revealed that LPDP has no adverse effects at the cellular or biochemical level. These findings indicate the anti-hypertensive properties of LPDP and its possible application in the treatment of blood pressure.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules31142427","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T15:13:36Z","timestamp":1783696416000},"page":"2427","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Lactobacilli-Fermented Chia Seeds as a Potential Anti-Hypertensive Agent"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Hector","family":"Atonal-S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Biotecnolog\u00eda Aplicada, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Carr. Estatal Tecuexcomac-Tepetitla Km 1.5, Tepetitla 90700, Tlaxcala, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jorge","family":"Cornejo-Garrido","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Biolog\u00eda Celular y Productos Naturales, Escuela Nacional de Medicina y Homeopat\u00eda, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Gustavo A. Madero, Mexico City 07320, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Flor N.","family":"Rivera-Ordu\u00f1a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Ecolog\u00eda Microbiana, Departamento de Microbiolog\u00eda, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Mexico City 07700, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0787-374X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nemesio","family":"Villa-Ruano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SECIHTI-Direcci\u00f3n de Innovaci\u00f3n y Transferencia de Conocimiento, Benem\u00e9rita Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Puebla, Puebla 72570, Puebla, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0193-6519","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lidia Esmeralda","family":"Garc\u00eda-D\u00edaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Adsorci\u00f3n y Cromatograf\u00eda, Centro de Qu\u00edmica Edificio IC7, Instituto de Ciencias, Ciudad Universitaria, BUAP. Av. San Claudio S\/N, Puebla 72570, Puebla, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2759-2643","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maricruz","family":"Rangel-Galv\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SECIHTI-Direcci\u00f3n de Innovaci\u00f3n y Transferencia de Conocimiento, Benem\u00e9rita Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Puebla, Puebla 72570, Puebla, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3143-2298","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Silvia","family":"Luna-Su\u00e1rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Biotecnolog\u00eda Aplicada, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Carr. Estatal Tecuexcomac-Tepetitla Km 1.5, Tepetitla 90700, Tlaxcala, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nefro.2021.10.003","article-title":"Hypertension mediated kidney and cardiovascular damage and risk stratification: Redefining concepts","volume":"42","author":"Ruilope","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nefrolog\u00eda"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jff.2016.11.021","article-title":"Purification, characterization, synthesis, in vitro ACE inhibition and in vivo antihypertensive activity of bioactive peptides derived from oil palm kernel glutelin-2 hydrolysates","volume":"28","author":"Zheng","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Funct. 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