{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T09:46:37Z","timestamp":1785923197782,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785888000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Guyuan City \u201cGrant-to-Investment\u201d Science and Technology Research and Development Project","award":["2024BGTYF01-44"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024BGTYF01-44"]}]},{"name":"Key Research Foundation of Ningxia, China","award":["2023BEG03061"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023BEG03061"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Ningxia, China","award":["2026AAC030898"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2026AAC030898"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Ningxia, China","award":["2026AAC030901"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2026AAC030901"]}]},{"name":"Research Project of Key Laboratory of Green Catalytic Materials and Technology of Ningxia Province","award":["2025SYSZD-02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025SYSZD-02"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The endophytic fungi from plants are recognized as a valuable source of structurally diverse secondary metabolites with intriguing bioactivities. Three previously undescribed compounds, including two benzophenones, 2-(2,6-dihydroxy-4-methylbenzoyl)benzoic acid (1) and 2-(2,6-dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)benzoyl)benzoic acid (2), one biphenyl, 4\u2032,5,5\u2032-trihydroxy-3-methoxy-2\u2032-methyl-(1,1\u2032-biphenyl)-2-carbaldehyde (4), along with two known compounds (3 and 5), were isolated from the endophytic fungus Penicillium sp. QM-4 associated with Pteris cretica. Their structures were established by extensive spectroscopic analysis of HRESIMS, UV, IR, and 1D and 2D NMR data. Free radical scavenging activity of compounds 1\u20135 was assessed, and compound 3 displayed a significant antioxidant effect in the DPPH assay. Structure\u2013activity relationships of compounds 1\u20133 were also discussed. These findings enrich the structural diversity and bioactivities of benzophenones and biphenyls derived from fungal source.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules31152720","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T09:16:22Z","timestamp":1785921382000},"page":"2720","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Antioxidant Benzophenones and Biphenyls from an Endophytic Fungus Penicillium sp. QM-4"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Chuan-Mao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Green Catalytic Materials and Technology of Ningxia Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia Normal University, Guyuan 756099, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiang-Gui","family":"Lei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Green Catalytic Materials and Technology of Ningxia Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia Normal University, Guyuan 756099, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Green Catalytic Materials and Technology of Ningxia Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia Normal University, Guyuan 756099, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin-Feng","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Green Catalytic Materials and Technology of Ningxia Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia Normal University, Guyuan 756099, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Green Catalytic Materials and Technology of Ningxia Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia Normal University, Guyuan 756099, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian-Hai","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Green Catalytic Materials and Technology of Ningxia Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia Normal University, Guyuan 756099, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23472","DOI":"10.1039\/D3RA02788K","article-title":"Benzophenones-natural metabolites with great Hopes in drug discovery: Structures, occurrence, bioactivities, and biosynthesis","volume":"13","author":"Ibrahim","year":"2023","journal-title":"RSC Adv."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100232","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lddd.2025.100232","article-title":"Fungal benzophenone derivatives as antiviral inhibitors of Vaccinia thymidylate kinase: An integrated docking, dynamics, and ADMET study","volume":"22","author":"Malebari","year":"2025","journal-title":"Lett. 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Dali Univ."}],"container-title":["Molecules"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1420-3049\/31\/15\/2720\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T09:16:47Z","timestamp":1785921407000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1420-3049\/31\/15\/2720"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"15","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"alternative-id":["molecules31152720"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/molecules31152720","relation":{},"ISSN":["1420-3049"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1420-3049","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]]}}}