{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T05:27:07Z","timestamp":1786598827448,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786406400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012190","name":"Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["075-00270-26-00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["075-00270-26-00"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012190","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"FRC CCC SB RAS","award":["124041100056-6"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["124041100056-6"]}]},{"name":"NRC \u201cKurchatov institute\u201d"},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00n1nz186","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this work, a comprehensive analysis of the relationship between photoluminescent, thermo-oxidative, and photocatalytic (upon simulated sunlight exposure) properties of ZnO powders is performed. The correlation between the X-ray diffraction and microscopic data is studied. ZnO powders of various sizes and morphologies were used: pseudo-spherical nanoparticles (30\u201350 nm), submicron faceted crystallites (100\u2013500 nm), and plate- and rod-like microstructures (up to 20 \u03bcm). The mean specific surface area values were 32 m2\/g, 3.8 m2\/g, and 2.6 m2\/g for pseudo-spherical nanoparticles, submicron faceted crystallites, and plate- and rod-like microstructures, respectively. According to the XRD data, microstresses and carbon-based impurities were present in ZnO nanoparticles, which is characteristic of nanomaterials synthesized at low temperatures. According to the photoluminescence spectroscopy data, the emission in ZnO was reduced due to high defectiveness, and characteristic emission bands indicated the presence of organic impurities. Upon long signal registration times, an intensive luminescence band with an effective maximum at 579 nm occurred, which indicated the presence of long-term components exhibiting decay times \u03c4 ~300 \u03bcs. According to the XRD data, the crystal structure parameters of ZnO submicro- and microparticles were close, with no impurities present. In their photoluminescence spectra, pronounced UV and defect-related bands were present with intensity ratios of 11.6 and 6.88, respectively. The decrease in the UV and defect-related luminescence band intensity ratios indicates deviation from the stoichiometry toward an increased Zn over oxygen content. At long signal registration times, in submicron ZnO particles, a luminescence band with maxima at 425 and 490 nm is present, which decays rapidly. An emission band in the 530 nm region is also present, which decays for \u226480 \u03bcs, and a weak long-wavelength emission decaying for ~100 \u03bcs. At long delay and strobe times (up to milliseconds), only an emission in the 460 nm region is observed, which we connect to the triplet\u2013singlet transition of a defect center (F*, F+*). At lower intensities, an emission connected to the surface contamination by organic impurities is observed. In photoluminescence spectra of ZnO microparticles, no long-wavelength emission components are observed. However, upon immersing into methylene blue solution, a modification of the surface and UV region of the spectra is observed with signs of charge carrier recombination rate acceleration. It is shown that the catalytic action of ZnO powders in polyethylene thermo-oxidation processes is determined by a combination of factors. In addition to dispersity and concentration, which are the key parameters, the morphology of ZnO particles, the presence of impurities, the surface state, and the distribution of active sites have a significant influence on catalysis. It has been experimentally demonstrated that these secondary factors can markedly affect the rate of radical formation in polyethylene films and alter their resistance to oxidation. ZnO nanoparticles exhibited low catalytic activity in both photocatalysis (rate constant 0.146 min\u22121) and thermocatalysis due to the high defect density of the crystallites and the presence of carbon-containing impurities. Submicron ZnO particles, owing to a high carrier generation rate and suppressed recombination (via trapping), demonstrated the highest photoactivity (rate constant 0.729 min\u22121). Submicron ZnO particles exhibit a catalytic effect on the thermo-oxidation of polyethylene (PE films); however, at concentrations above 8 wt.% a transition to an inhibiting effect is observed. ZnO microparticles catalyzed the oxidation of PE films over a broader concentration range (1\u201312 wt.%), with oxidation inhibition observed only at 18 wt.%. At the same time, they demonstrated moderate photocatalytic activity (rate constant 0.256 min\u22121). These characteristics of the samples correlate with data obtained by microscopy, photoluminescence spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction analysis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules31162793","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T11:51:36Z","timestamp":1786449096000},"page":"2793","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Relationship of Luminescent, Thermo-Oxidative and Photocatalytic Properties of ZnO Micro and Nanostructures"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2935-8105","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Makhach","family":"Gadzhiev","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Joint Institute for High Temperatures, Russian Academy of Sciences, 125412 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5580-6990","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elena","family":"Vorobyova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Francisk Skorina Gomel State University, 246028 Gomel, Belarus"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valeriya","family":"Krasnova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Complex of Crystallography and Photonics, National Research Centre \u201cKurchatov Institute\u201d, 119333 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6484-6617","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nadezhda","family":"Aluker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal Research Center of Coal and Coal Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the RAS, 650000 Kemerovo, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0524-7606","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arsen","family":"Muslimov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Complex of Crystallography and Photonics, National Research Centre \u201cKurchatov Institute\u201d, 119333 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4057-5517","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sergey","family":"Antipov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Joint Institute for High Temperatures, Russian Academy of Sciences, 125412 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2421-5618","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maksim","family":"Il\u2019ichev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Joint Institute for High Temperatures, Russian Academy of Sciences, 125412 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5290-957X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yury","family":"Kulikov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Joint Institute for High Temperatures, Russian Academy of Sciences, 125412 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrey","family":"Chistolinov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Joint Institute for High Temperatures, Russian Academy of Sciences, 125412 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2574-2903","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Damir","family":"Yusupov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Joint Institute for High Temperatures, Russian Academy of Sciences, 125412 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4578-6380","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ivan","family":"Volchkov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Complex of Crystallography and Photonics, National Research Centre \u201cKurchatov Institute\u201d, 119333 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2780-512X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander","family":"Tyuftyaev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Joint Institute for High Temperatures, Russian Academy of Sciences, 125412 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vladimir","family":"Kanevsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Complex of Crystallography and Photonics, National Research Centre \u201cKurchatov Institute\u201d, 119333 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alasmari, A., Alresheedi, N.M., Alzahrani, M.A., Aldosari, F.M., Ghasemi, M., Ismail, A., and Aboraia, A.M. 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