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For example, they have been applied with high versatility to rewrite genetic information inside the living cell by providing rationally programmable RNA-targeting strategies of protein-based effectors. Such approaches benefit from the engineering capability of the small molecule-based self-labeling moieties. Here, we further engineered that approach to control RNA-targeting by light. Specifically, we combined two orthogonal self-labeling enzymes for the recruitment of two distinct fusion proteins to a target RNA inside the living cell and achieved concurrent assembly and disassembly of distinct guide RNA\u2013protein conjugates. We applied this to control RNA base editing and achieved a photo-induced swap of two distinct editing events. Overall, this work describes new ways for tool development, RNA imaging, and transcript engineering.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules31162924","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T08:14:01Z","timestamp":1787300041000},"page":"2924","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Light-Controlled Assembly and Disassembly of Covalent RNA\u2013Protein Conjugates to Control RNA Base Editing"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-1651-7132","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alfred","family":"Hanswillemenke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, University of T\u00fcbingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 15, 72076 T\u00fcbingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-9406-9106","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tim Stefan","family":"Berneiser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, University of T\u00fcbingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 15, 72076 T\u00fcbingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8008-1418","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marius","family":"Blackholm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, University of T\u00fcbingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 15, 72076 T\u00fcbingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1383-6531","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Johann","family":"Kaiser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, University of T\u00fcbingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 15, 72076 T\u00fcbingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-5649-1413","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna Sofia","family":"Imrich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, University of T\u00fcbingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 15, 72076 T\u00fcbingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8373-5659","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karthika Devi Kiran","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, University of T\u00fcbingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 15, 72076 T\u00fcbingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9121-4551","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hayase","family":"Hakariya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, University of T\u00fcbingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 15, 72076 T\u00fcbingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9359-3439","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thorsten","family":"Stafforst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, University of T\u00fcbingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 15, 72076 T\u00fcbingen, Germany"},{"name":"Gene and RNA Therapy Center (GRTC), Faculty of Medicine, University of T\u00fcbingen, 72076 T\u00fcbingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt765","article-title":"A general method for the covalent labeling of fusion proteins with small molecules in vivo","volume":"21","author":"Keppler","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nat. 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