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Food-derived polyphenols are promising ingredients that modulate cellular metabolism and redox balance. A\u00e7a\u00ed (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) seed, a polyphenol-rich agro-industrial by-product, has shown hepatoprotective potential; however, no previous study has comprehensively evaluated its effects on key mitochondrial functions in experimental MASLD. Therefore, this study investigated whether a\u00e7a\u00ed seed extract (ASE), administered alone or in combination with physical training, could improve hepatic mitochondrial respiration, biogenesis, ultrastructural integrity, and redox homeostasis in HF diet-fed Sprague\u2013Dawley rats. Male rats were fed a control or HF diet for 16 weeks and treated with ASE (200 mg\/kg\/day), aerobic training, or both during the final six weeks. ASE reduced hepatic steatosis by approximately 52% compared with the HF group, improved mitochondrial ultrastructure, increased the expression of the mitochondrial biogenesis regulators PGC-1\u03b1 and NRF-1, with a 3-fold increase in PGC-1\u03b1 mRNA expression, increased TFAM immunoreactivity, increased PPAR\u03b1 expression, reduced oxidative stress, and restored lipid-driven mitochondrial respiration. Physical training improved glycemic control and mitochondrial structure, with limited effects on mitochondrial function and redox balance. Combined treatment reduced plasma triglycerides by 41%, increased CPT1\u03b1 expression, and enhanced carbohydrate-supported mitochondrial respiration. These findings provide mechanistic support for further investigation of a\u00e7a\u00ed seed-derived polyphenols as candidates for nutritional strategies targeting MASLD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules31162925","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T08:14:01Z","timestamp":1787300041000},"page":"2925","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Polyphenol-Rich Euterpe oleracea Mart. Seed Extract Improves High-Fat-Diet-Induced MASLD Through Modulation of Hepatic Mitochondrial Respiration, Biogenesis, and Redox Homeostasis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8135-9140","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dafne L.","family":"Beserra-Silva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro 20551-030, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-9339-8039","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julia F.","family":"Gouveia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro 20551-030, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beatriz C.","family":"de Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro 20551-030, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariana A.","family":"Cavalheira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro 20551-030, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3258-607X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nat\u00e1lia P. A.","family":"Nogueira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro 20551-030, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcia Cristina","family":"Paes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro 20551-030, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simone V.","family":"da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro 20551-030, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana Lucia R.","family":"Nascimento","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Histology and Embryology, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro 20551-030, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jorge Jos\u00e9","family":"de Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Histology and Embryology, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro 20551-030, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8740-4504","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dayane T.","family":"Ognibene","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro 20551-030, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristiane A.","family":"da Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro 20551-030, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9094-1597","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Graziele F.","family":"de Bem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro 20551-030, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7465-6171","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angela C.","family":"Resende","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro 20551-030, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tauil, R.B., Golono, P.T., De Lima, E.P., De Alvares Goulart, R., Guiguer, E.L., Bechara, M.D., Nicolau, C.C.T., Yanaguizawa Junior, J.L., Fiorini, A.M.R., and M\u00e9ndez-S\u00e1nchez, N. 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