{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T05:16:49Z","timestamp":1788585409439,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788134400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["42430412"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42430412"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["42430412"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42430412"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"International (Regional) Cooperation and Exchange of the National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["W2412013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["W2412013"]}]},{"award":["W2412013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["W2412013"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Science &amp; Technology Fundamental Resources Investigation Program","award":["2022FY100701"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022FY100701"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005046","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PL2025D013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PL2025D013"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005046","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"the Key Laboratory of Geographical Processes and Ecological Security of Changbai Mountains, Ministry of Education","award":["GPES2024OF02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GPES2024OF02"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Global warming profoundly alters the stability of soil organic matter (SOM) in permafrost zones, yet the underlying mechanisms governing SOM stability in permafrost landscapes at different stages of degradation remain unclear. This study utilised soil samples from the 0\u201350 cm layer collected from both continuous and isolated patches permafrost zones in the Daxing\u2019an Mountains for laboratory incubation experiments at constant temperatures of 5 and 15 \u00b0C. The results for SOC, Fe and Al oxide content, \u03b4 13C and MBC indicate that SOM in isolated patchy permafrost possesses greater bioavailability and higher decomposability under warming, and carbon mineralization in shallow soils is more temperature-sensitive (Q10 = 4.24). After 89 days of incubation, the mineralisation rate in mineral-rich deep soil was only half that of organic-rich surface soil. Furthermore, as the ratio of Fe\/Al oxides to organic carbon increased, the sensitivity of SOM decomposition to temperature decreased significantly. Overall, the stability of organic matter in permafrost is jointly regulated by the intrinsic molecular properties of the organic matter and the protective effect of minerals; furthermore, this protective effect can significantly delay the process by which peatlands in permafrost regions transition from carbon sinks to carbon sources.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules31173069","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T01:05:26Z","timestamp":1788224726000},"page":"3069","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Degree of Permafrost Degradation Determines the Stability of Soil Organic Matter"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Siyuan","family":"Zou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Modern Educational Technology and Experiment Centre, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiangwen","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Geographical Environment Monitoring and Spatial Information Service in Cold Regions, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Geographical Processes and Ecological Security of Changbai Mountains, Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China"},{"name":"Institute of Natural Resources and Ecology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150040, China"},{"name":"Huzhong Permafrost and Cold Environments Observation and Research Station of Heilongjiang Province, Huzhong District, Daxing\u2019anling 165036, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1940-5916","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shuying","family":"Zang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Geographical Environment Monitoring and Spatial Information Service in Cold Regions, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-08240-4","article-title":"Permafrost is warming at a global scale","volume":"10","author":"Biskaborn","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. 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