{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T09:07:01Z","timestamp":1788858421465,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788480000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Key Project at the Central Government Level: The ability establishment of sustainable use for valuable Chinese medicine resources","award":["2060302"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2060302"]}]},{"name":"National Key Research and Development Program Subproject","award":["2024YFD1600605-3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024YFD1600605-3"]}]},{"name":"Liaoning Province Science and Technology Joint Plan","award":["2024JH2\/102600068"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024JH2\/102600068"]}]},{"name":"Liaoning Province Science and Technology Joint Plan","award":["2024JH2\/102600066"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024JH2\/102600066"]}]},{"name":"Liaoning Provincial Science and Technology Joint Program: Key Research and Development Project","award":["2025JH2\/101800082"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025JH2\/101800082"]}]},{"name":"Liaoning Natural Science Foundation Doctoral Start-up Fund","award":["2024-BSLH007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024-BSLH007"]}]},{"name":"Basic Scientific Research Project from Liaoning Education Department","award":["JYTQN2023100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JYTQN2023100"]}]},{"name":"Dalian Science and Technology Innovation Fund Program","award":["2025JJ11PT001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025JJ11PT001"]}]},{"name":"Dalian Science and Technology Innovation Fund Program","award":["2025JJ11PT002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025JJ11PT002"]}]},{"name":"Scientific Research Start-up Fund for Outstanding Talents of Dalian University","award":["2025-XRCZK-12"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025-XRCZK-12"]}]},{"award":["2025-XRCZK-12"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025-XRCZK-12"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00g2ypp58","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Chemical examination of Penicillium steckii HJT-A-10, an endophytic fungus derived from Rhodiola tibetica, led to the isolation of ten metabolites. Structural elucidation by spectroscopic methods revealed that two of these were previously unreported compounds (1 and 2), though the absolute stereochemistry of 2 remained provisional; the other eight isolates (3\u201310) were identified as known compounds. All ten metabolites were tested for their capacity to inhibit nitric oxide (NO) production in RAW 264.7 macrophages stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Compounds 1\u20134 and 7\u201310 exhibited marked inhibitory effects. Among the two new compounds, 2 displayed stronger activity, with an IC50 value of 19.01 \u00b5M. To explore the potential mechanisms of action, network pharmacology and molecular docking analyses were subsequently conducted to predict the relevant targets and signaling pathways.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules31173109","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T16:07:32Z","timestamp":1788538052000},"page":"3109","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Chemical Constituents of the Endophytic Fungus Penicillium steckii HJT-A-10 from Rhodiola tibetica and Their Anti-Inflammatory Activities"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-0593-2592","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yujie","family":"Lu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life and Health, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China"},{"name":"Dalian Institute of Marine Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"formal-analysis","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-original-draft","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"visualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"validation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"data-curation","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Haoyu","family":"Xiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life and Health, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China"},{"name":"Dalian Institute of Marine Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-original-draft","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"validation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"data-curation","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Yanjie","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life and Health, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China"},{"name":"Dalian Institute of Marine Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"software","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Xinge","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life and Health, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China"},{"name":"Dalian Institute of Marine Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"resources","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Janar","family":"Jenis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Medicinal Plants, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan"},{"name":"Research Institute for Natural Products & Technology, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Baomin","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life and Health, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China"},{"name":"Dalian Institute of Marine Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"funding-acquisition","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0541-7767","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dongliang","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life and Health, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China"},{"name":"Dalian Institute of Marine Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"formal-analysis","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"funding-acquisition","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"data-curation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"supervision","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Xuan","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life and Health, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China"},{"name":"Dalian Institute of Marine Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Beijing 100700, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"project-administration","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"funding-acquisition","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"supervision","vocabulary":"credit"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"978","DOI":"10.2174\/1389557522999220422133020","article-title":"Fungal Endophytes: A Storehouse of Bioactive Compounds","volume":"23","author":"Shah","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mini Rev. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ortega, H.E., Torres-Mendoza, D., Caballero, E.Z., and Cubilla-Rios, L. (2021). Structurally Uncommon Secondary Metabolites Derived from Endophytic Fungi. J. Fungi, 7.","DOI":"10.3390\/jof7070570"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nazir, A., Puthuveettil, A.R., Hussain, F.H.N., Hamed, K.E., and Munawar, N. (2024). Endophytic Fungi: Nature\u2019s Solution for Antimicrobial Resistance and Sustainable Agriculture. Front. Microbiol., 15.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2024.1461504"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9318","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-56441-3","article-title":"Endophytic fungi of Panax sokpayensis produce bioactive ginsenoside Compound K in flask fermentation","volume":"14","author":"Rai","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_5","first-page":"1565","article-title":"LC-MS based identification of stylosin and tschimgine from fungal endophytes associated with Ferula ovina","volume":"23","author":"Tazik","year":"2020","journal-title":"Iran J. Basic Med. Sci."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107462","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biotechadv.2019.107462","article-title":"A critical review on exploiting the pharmaceutical potential of plant endophytic fungi","volume":"39","author":"Gupta","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biotechnol. Adv."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biotechadv.2015.07.004","article-title":"Endophytes as In Vitro Production Platforms of High Value Plant Secondary Metabolites","volume":"33","author":"Venugopalan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biotechnol. Adv."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.31083\/ph.2013.6517","article-title":"Fungal Endophytes\u2014Secret Producers of Bioactive Plant Metabolites","volume":"68","author":"Aly","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pharmazie"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.20307\/nps.2020.26.1.10","article-title":"Endophytic Fungi Inhabiting Medicinal Plants and Their Bioactive Secondary Metabolites","volume":"26","author":"Lee","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Prod. Sci."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1186\/s12934-023-02118-x","article-title":"Bioactive Compounds and Biomedical Applications of Endophytic Fungi: A Recent Review","volume":"22","author":"Hashem","year":"2023","journal-title":"Microb. Cell Fact."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7095","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-021-11554-x","article-title":"Biotransformation Ability of Endophytic Fungi: From Species Evolution to Industrial Applications","volume":"105","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wen, J., Okyere, S.K., Wang, S., Wang, J., Xie, L., Ran, Y., and Hu, Y. (2022). Endophytic Fungi: An Effective Alternative Source of Plant-Derived Bioactive Compounds for Pharmacological Studies. J. Fungi, 8.","DOI":"10.3390\/jof8020205"},{"key":"ref_13","first-page":"127","article-title":"Two new polyketides from Rhodiola tibetica endophytic fungus Penicillium sp. HJT-A-6","volume":"16","author":"Xiao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chin. Herb. Med."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xiao, D., Wang, Y., Gao, C., Zhang, X., Feng, W., Lu, X., and Feng, B. (2024). A New Quinazolinone Alkaloid along with Known Compounds with Seed-Germination-Promoting Activity from Rhodiola tibetica Endophytic Fungus Penicillium sp. HJT-A-6. Molecules, 29.","DOI":"10.20944\/preprints202404.1012.v2"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105309","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2021.105309","article-title":"Polyketone metabolites isolated from Rhodiola tibetica endophytic fungus Alternaria sp. HJT-Y7 and their SARS-CoV-2 virus inhibitory activities","volume":"116","author":"Lu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Bioorg. Chem."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113383","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phytochem.2022.113383","article-title":"Polyketides with anti-inflammatory activity from Rhodiola tibetica endophytic fungus Alternaria sp. HJT-Y7","volume":"203","author":"Tang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Phytochemistry"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105361","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2022.105361","article-title":"Polyketides with anti-inflammatory activity isolated from Rhodiola tibetica endophytic fungus Penicillium sp. HJT-A-10","volume":"164","author":"Lu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Fitoterapia"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tamo\u0161i\u016bn\u0117, I., Hakim, M.L., Buzait\u0117, O., Stanys, V., Vinskien\u0117, J., Andri\u016bnait\u0117, E., and Baniulis, D. (2024). Diversity and Plant Growth-Promoting Properties of Rhodiola rosea Root Endophytic Bacteria. Microorganisms, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms13010013"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2016.12.003","article-title":"Two new triterpenoids and a new naphthoquinone derivative isolated from a hard coral-derived fungus Scopulariopsis sp.","volume":"116","author":"Elnaggar","year":"2017","journal-title":"Fitoterapia"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phytol.2015.06.003","article-title":"Isochroman and isocoumarin derivatives from hypersaline lake sediment-derived fungus Penicillium sp.","volume":"13","author":"Raha","year":"2015","journal-title":"Phytochem. Lett."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bruch, M. (1996). NMR Spectroscopy Techniques, CRC Press.","DOI":"10.1201\/9781482273311"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1034","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.orglett.7b03984","article-title":"Direct C-H Cyanoalkylation of Quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones via Radical C-C Bond Cleavage","volume":"20","author":"Yang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Org. Lett."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ruan, Y., Gao, X., Hussain, M., Qin, X., Ning, J., Yang, D., Zhu, T., Qin, D., Ye, M., and Wu, G. (2025). Methyl Indole-3-Acetate (MEIAA) Mediated Stem Curvature and Apical Meristem Necrosis in Ageratina adenophora: Impacts on Cell Wall Components, Vascular System Integrity, and Key Metabolic Pathways. BMC Plant Biol., 25.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12870-025-07095-4"},{"key":"ref_24","first-page":"110","article-title":"ChemInform Abstract: Unusual Pyrrolyl 4-Quinolinone Alkaloids from the Marine-Derived Fungus Penicillium sp. ghq208","volume":"44","author":"Gao","year":"2013","journal-title":"ChemInform"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3256","DOI":"10.1002\/slct.201700242","article-title":"Total Synthesis of Penicinoline E, Marinamide, Methyl Marinamide and their Antimalarial Activity","volume":"2","author":"Badher","year":"2017","journal-title":"ChemistrySelect"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"866","DOI":"10.1021\/ml200183z","article-title":"Identification of a Potent and Selective Cannabinoid CB1 Receptor Antagonist from Auxarthron reticulatum","volume":"2","author":"Elsebai","year":"2011","journal-title":"ACS Med. Chem. Lett."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1426","DOI":"10.1007\/s11434-006-1426-4","article-title":"Marinamide, a novel alkaloid and its methyl ester produced by the application of mixed fermentation technique to two mangrove endophytic fungi from the South China Sea","volume":"51","author":"Feng","year":"2006","journal-title":"Sci. Bull."},{"key":"ref_28","first-page":"202","article-title":"Spectroscopic Characterization and Antimicrobial Studies of Synthesized N-Benzyl-1H-indole-3-Carboxamide","volume":"XI","author":"Ndibe","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Res. Sci. Innov."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2186","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2035-0040","article-title":"A New Method for the Synthesis of 1-Methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylate Derivatives, Employing Copper(II)","volume":"55","author":"Akbari","year":"2023","journal-title":"Synthesis"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shin, H.J., Pil, G.B., Heo, S.J., Lee, H.S., Lee, J.S., Lee, Y.J., Lee, J., and Won, H.S. (2016). Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Tanzawaic Acid Derivatives from a Marine-Derived Fungus Penicillium steckii 108YD142. Mar. Drugs, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/md14010014"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yang, P., Zhong, C., Huang, H., Li, X., Du, L., Zhang, L., Bi, S., Du, H., Ma, Q., and Cao, L. (2023). Potential Pharmacological Mechanisms of Four Active Compounds of Macleaya cordata Extract Against Enteritis Based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Technology. Front. Physiol., 14.","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2023.1175227"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1007\/s11481-026-10282-1","article-title":"Molecular Mechanisms of Mangiferin on Neuroinflammation for Treating Major Depressive Disorder Based on Network Pharmacology and Bioinformatics Analysis","volume":"21","author":"Chen","year":"2026","journal-title":"J. Neuroimmune Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu, Q., Gao, Y., Wang, B., Du, K., Zhu, S., Yuan, Y., Gao, Y., and Yue, T. (2026). New Oligophenalenone Dimers from Talaromyces stipitatus with Potential Anti-Neuroinflammatory Activity. Molecules, 31.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules31081308"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2018.05.022","article-title":"Nitric oxide inhibitory constituents from Siegesbeckia pubescens","volume":"80","author":"Jang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Bioorg. Chem."}],"container-title":["Molecules"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1420-3049\/31\/17\/3109\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T08:10:57Z","timestamp":1788855057000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1420-3049\/31\/17\/3109"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"17","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}},"alternative-id":["molecules31173109"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/molecules31173109","relation":{},"ISSN":["1420-3049"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1420-3049","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]]}}}