{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T05:07:55Z","timestamp":1789016875885,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,6]],"date-time":"2026-09-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788652800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003845","name":"IIT Madras","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["SR\/FST\/PSII\u2013038\/2016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SR\/FST\/PSII\u2013038\/2016"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003845","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"award":["SR\/FST\/PSII\u2013038\/2016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SR\/FST\/PSII\u2013038\/2016"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03v0r5n49","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Board of Management of SGVV Trust, Koppal","award":["1107"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1107"]}]},{"name":"FONDECYT","award":["1240985"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1240985"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this study, La1\u2212xCaxMnO3 (LCMO) samples (x = 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5) were synthesized using a sol\u2013gel method and their structural, electronic, magnetic and magneto\u2013transport properties were investigated. Structural analysis by XRD confirmed orthorhombic perovskite structure. FTIR studies indicated the changes in bond length and bond angle of Mn\u2013O\/Mn\u2013O\u2013Mn bonds; FESEM\/EDAX confirmed a polycrystalline nature. Magneto\u2013transport studies revealed a decrease in ferromagnetic metal\u2013paramagnetic semiconductor transition temperature with the increase in Ca2+ content. Magneto\u2013transport studies also revealed that the resistivity in the ferromagnetic metallic region was predominantly governed by the extrinsic spin\u2013polarized tunneling (SPT) mechanism along with double-exchange interaction, whereas charge transport in the paramagnetic semiconducting region at higher temperatures was due to variable-range hopping conduction. Magnetoresistance was at its maximum near the transition temperature, but decreased at lower temperature (77 K). XPS and 55Mn IFNMR confirmed coexistence of Mn3+\/Mn4+, while IFNMR results at 77 K confirmed high-frequency electron exchange among Mn3+ and Mn4+ ions due to double exchange interaction. VSM studies at 300 K showed that the paramagnetic nature of the samples and susceptibility decreased with the increase in Ca2+ content. The close agreement between the magnetoresistance behavior and the 55Mn IFNMR results confirms the role of the intrinsic DE interaction in governing the magnetotransport properties of LCMO.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules31173122","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T09:23:37Z","timestamp":1788773017000},"page":"3122","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effect of Ca2+ Doping on the Structural, Magnetic and Magneto\u2013Transport Properties of La1\u2212xCaxMnO3 Manganites: Insights from XPS and 55Mn IFNMR Studies"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-8990-6550","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arun Kumar","family":"Shavi Mallikarjuna","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Studies in Physics, Vijayanagara Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Ballari 583105, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2490-1068","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manjunatha","family":"Mushtagatte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics, SGVVT\u2019s SG College, Koppal 583231, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gavinolla Srinivas","family":"Reddy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics, School of Engineering, Presidency University, Yelahanka, Bangalore 560064, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Selvaraj Anandh","family":"Jesuraj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai 600119, Tamil Nadu, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mangesh","family":"Lodhe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering, Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal 462003, Madhya Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6487-8096","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Laroze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Alta Investigaci\u00f3n, Universidad de Tarapac\u00e1, Casilla 7D, Arica 1000000, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thipperudrappa","family":"Javuku","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Studies in Physics, Vijayanagara Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Ballari 583105, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jallcom.2010.04.225","article-title":"Lateral parameter variations on the properties of La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 films prepared on Si (1 0 0) substrates by dc magnetron sputtering","volume":"503","author":"Sahu","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. 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