{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T05:03:39Z","timestamp":1789967019314,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":134,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789516800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Lepidium meyenii and Bactris gasipaes are traditionally consumed plant foods with documented antioxidant and inflammation-related activities and emerging evidence of cancer-related biological effects. Accordingly, we compared the antitumor-relevant activity of these chemically distinct extracts and evaluated the effect of microencapsulation. Liquid extracts were chemically characterized, spray-dried with maltodextrin- or maltodextrin\u2013gum arabic, and evaluated in tumor and non-tumor cell models, with antioxidant and inflammation-related endpoints as complementary responses; L. meyenii was further examined by bioactivity-guided fractionation. Chemical characterization confirmed that L. meyenii was enriched in organic acids, phenolics, and alkaloids, whereas B. gasipaes was dominated by carotenoids. B. gasipaes liquid extract showed lower IC50 values (0.27\u20130.63 mg\/mL), whereas L. meyenii liquid extract showed higher calculated therapeutic indices (2.28\u20133.64). Both extracts showed encapsulation efficiencies above 97%, with microencapsulation generally reducing antiproliferative potency. Bioactivity-guided fractionation associated the strongest tumor-cell responses with L. meyenii fractions containing signals putatively annotated as lepidilines A, B, and D. Additionally, L. meyenii extract reduced LPS-induced nitric oxide production without reproducing a broad LPS-like transcriptional response. These findings support further studies to evaluate enriched constituents, clarify mechanisms across broader cell models, and explore spray-dried carrier behavior during storage and reconstitution.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules31183286","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T13:50:27Z","timestamp":1789566627000},"page":"3286","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Antitumor-Relevant Evaluation of Liquid and Microencapsulated Lepidium meyenii and Bactris gasipaes Extracts Reveals Species- and Formulation-Dependent Activity"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-9345-8287","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabi\u00e1n","family":"Castillo-Sol\u00eds","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica (CENBIO), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito 170527, Ecuador"},{"name":"Facultad de Ciencia e Ingenier\u00eda en Alimentos y Biotecnolog\u00eda, Universidad T\u00e9cnica de Ambato, Ambato 180104, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-3881-9200","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan A.","family":"Puente-Pineda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica (CENBIO), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito 170527, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diana","family":"Celi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ingenier\u00eda y Ciencias Aplicadas, Carrera de Ingenier\u00eda en Agroindustria, Universidad de Las Am\u00e9ricas, Quito 170504, Ecuador"},{"name":"Facultad de Ingenier\u00eda y Ciencias Aplicadas, Carrera Ingenier\u00eda en Biotecnolog\u00eda, Universidad de Las Am\u00e9ricas, Quito 170504, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7869-7069","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Henrry M.","family":"Osorio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de F\u00edsica, Escuela Polit\u00e9cnica Nacional, Av. Ladr\u00f3n de Guevara E11-253, Quito 170525, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4495-3500","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elena","family":"Coyago-Cruz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Carrera de Ingenier\u00eda en Biotecnolog\u00eda de los Recursos Naturales, Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica Salesiana, Sede Quito, Campus El Gir\u00f3n, Av. 12 de Octubre N2422 y Wilson, Quito 170143, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1377-0413","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eduardo","family":"Tejera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ingenier\u00eda y Ciencias Aplicadas, Carrera Ingenier\u00eda en Biotecnolog\u00eda, Universidad de Las Am\u00e9ricas, Quito 170504, Ecuador"},{"name":"Bio-Cheminformatics Research Group, Facultad de Ingenier\u00eda y Ciencias Aplicadas, Universidad de Las Am\u00e9ricas, Quito 170504, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3217-9493","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Orestes","family":"Lopez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencia e Ingenier\u00eda en Alimentos y Biotecnolog\u00eda, Universidad T\u00e9cnica de Ambato, Ambato 180104, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5630-6645","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rebeca","family":"Gonzalez-Pastor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica (CENBIO), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito 170527, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sun, S., Yu, Y., Jo, Y., Han, J.H., Xue, Y., Cho, M., Bae, S.-J., Ryu, D., Park, W., and Ha, K.-T. 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