{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T21:09:42Z","timestamp":1792789782058,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Swinburne University of Technology, Victoria, Australia","id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/031rekg67","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/031rekg67","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The increasing emergence of bacterial resistance to conventional antimicrobial agents underscores the urgent need for alternative therapeutics. In this context, the present study investigated the antibacterial potential of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) biosynthesised from extracellular extracts of four endophytic fungal species isolated from Eucalyptus globulus and Eucalyptus citriodora. The AgNPs were comprehensively characterised using UV\u2013visible spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and zeta potential analysis. UV\u2013vis spectra confirmed nanoparticle formation through characteristic absorption peaks between 400 and 500 nm. TEM imaging revealed predominantly spherical nanoparticles, with size ranges of 52\u201398 nm for EG 5 AgNPs, 86\u2013197 nm for EG 6 AgNPs, 56\u2013171 nm for EG 8 AgNPs, and 50\u2013130 nm for EC 2 AgNPs. High negative zeta potential values (\u221219.3 to \u221231.7 mV) indicated moderate colloidal stability. FTIR analysis identified functional groups associated with the reduction and stabilisation of AgNPs. All AgNPs samples exhibited notable antibacterial activity against both Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and growth\u2013kill curve analysis demonstrated a marked reduction in bacterial proliferation over 24 h. Collectively, these findings highlight the potential of endophytic fungus-derived AgNPs as effective antibacterial agents.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules31193505","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T09:38:16Z","timestamp":1790847496000},"page":"3505","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Screening Endophytic Fungi of Australian Indigenous Plants for Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles and Evaluation of Their Antibacterial Properties"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-1290-2217","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hanadi","family":"Sawalha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Science, Computing and Emerging Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC 3122, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon E.","family":"Moulton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Engineering Technologies, School of Engineering, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC 3122, Australia"},{"name":"The Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery, St Vincent\u2019s Hospital, Melbourne, VIC 3065, Australia"},{"name":"Iverson Health Innovation Research Institute, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC 3122, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3378-0229","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bita","family":"Zaferanloo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Science, Computing and Emerging Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC 3122, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"897","article-title":"Invariant set theory for predicting potential failure of antibiotic cycling","volume":"10","author":"Anderson","year":"2025","journal-title":"Infect. 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