{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]],"date-time":"2026-01-28T23:49:09Z","timestamp":1769644149051,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,21]],"date-time":"2023-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1689897600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["MPs"],"abstract":"<jats:p>(1) Background: Oncological demolitive\u2013reconstructive surgeries in the head and neck region cause significant stress on patients\u2019 biohumoural, cardiac, and vascular systems, leading to disturbances in macrocirculatory and microcirculatory parameters. Traditional monitoring addresses the symptoms, but not the underlying cause. Microcirculatory assessments complement macrocirculatory monitoring, and bladder-catheter-based technology offers a better representation of central microcirculation. Flap reconstruction surgeries involve demolitive and reconstructive phases, requiring optimal tissue perfusion. The literature lacks a consensus on macro\u2013microcirculation coupling, and there is no agreement on the use of vasopressors during head and neck surgeries. Evidence-based guidelines are lacking, resulting in variations in vasopressor administration. (2) Methods: This is a 12-month observational, prospective study conducted in a single center. It aims to evaluate the impact of macro\u2013microcirculation coupling on clinical complications in head and neck surgery. All consecutive patients undergoing oncologic surgery requiring flap reconstruction and meeting the inclusion criteria will be enrolled. The study will utilize standard hemodynamic monitoring and bladder catheterization for measuring urine output and temperature. (3) Conclusions: The study aims to evaluate the coupling of macro- and microcirculation in head and neck surgeries, assess hemodynamic parameters and microcirculatory changes, and investigate their association with postoperative complications. The results can enhance patient care and surgical outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/mps6040067","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,21]],"date-time":"2023-07-21T01:58:38Z","timestamp":1689904718000},"page":"67","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Variations in Microcirculatory and Hemodynamic Parameters during Oncological Demolitive\u2013Reconstructive Head and Neck Surgery: A Protocol for an Observational Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5143-2095","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chiara","family":"Adembri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences, Section of Anesthesiology, University of Florence, 50121 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Ungar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Geriatric Intensive Care Unit, University of Florence, 50121 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9596-458X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iacopo","family":"Cappellini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Critical Care, Section of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Azienda USL Toscana Centro, Ospedale Santo Stefano, 59100 Prato, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Salvatore Mario","family":"Romano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50121 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Valeanu, L., Bubenek-Turconi, S.I., Ginghina, C., and Balan, C. 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