{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T02:30:44Z","timestamp":1760149844679,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,17]],"date-time":"2023-09-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1694908800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Fogarty International Center and the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the NIH","award":["D43TW009337"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["D43TW009337"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["MPs"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In pregnancies complicated by sickle cell disease (SCD), the maternal-fetal dyad is at high risk for mortality and morbidity. In healthy pregnancies, maternal nutritional status is a critical factor for the healthy growth and development of the fetus. However, there are no reviews of the current research on the nutritional status of pregnant women with SCD and pregnancy outcomes. First, we aim to assess the burden of malnutrition in pregnant women with SCD. Next, we aim to systematically evaluate if pregnant women with SCD who have poor nutritional status are at increased risk for adverse birth outcomes compared to pregnant women with sickle cell disease and normal nutritional status. We will systematically search multiple electronic databases. Our exposure is pregnant women with SCD and poor nutritional status. The primary outcomes of interest include low birth weight (categorical) and birth weight z-scores (continuous). We will also evaluate maternal and perinatal outcomes as secondary outcomes. We will evaluate the risk of bias and overall certainty of evidence with Risk of Bias in Non-randomized Studies\u2014of Interventions (ROBINS-I), and the overall evidence will be assessed using Grading of Recommendation Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) criteria. We will pool findings with a meta-analysis if sufficient homogeneity exists among studies. Findings will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and disseminated to SCD advocacy groups. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42023429412.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/mps6050088","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,17]],"date-time":"2023-09-17T23:57:46Z","timestamp":1694995066000},"page":"88","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Epidemiology of Maternal Nutritional Status and Risk of Adverse Birth Outcomes in Undernourished Mothers with Sickle Cell Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocol"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1076-8518","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lauren J.","family":"Klein","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, D. Brent Polk Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition at Monroe Carell Jr. Children\u2019s Hospital at Vanderbilt, Nashville, TN 37232, USA"},{"name":"Vanderbilt Institute for Global Health, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3211-7137","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John Benaiah","family":"Ayete-Nyampong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Haematology, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra P.O. Box 77, Ghana"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Annette M.","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Knowledge Management, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5241-2849","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lori A.","family":"Harding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Knowledge Management, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3836-1376","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samuel A.","family":"Oppong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra P.O. Box 77, Ghana"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra P.O. Box 77, Ghana"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sari","family":"Acra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, D. Brent Polk Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition at Monroe Carell Jr. Children\u2019s Hospital at Vanderbilt, Nashville, TN 37232, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0574-1604","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael R.","family":"DeBaun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vanderbilt Institute for Global Health, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt-Meharry Center of Excellence in Sickle Cell Disease, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aamer","family":"Imdad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.13786","article-title":"Pregnancy Outcomes in Women with Sickle-Cell Disease in Low and High Income Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","volume":"123","author":"Boafor","year":"2016","journal-title":"BJOG Int. 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