{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T14:29:45Z","timestamp":1782829785901,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,7]],"date-time":"2023-10-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696636800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Consolidated Research Groups Program, Xunta de Galicia","award":["ED431 2020\/06"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ED431 2020\/06"]}]},{"name":"Consolidated Research Groups Program, Xunta de Galicia","award":["IN607B 2022\/15"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IN607B 2022\/15"]}]},{"name":"Consolidated Research Groups Program, Xunta de Galicia","award":["RED2022-134079-T"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RED2022-134079-T"]}]},{"name":"Division of Analytical Chemistry of the European Chemical Society","award":["ED431 2020\/06"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ED431 2020\/06"]}]},{"name":"Division of Analytical Chemistry of the European Chemical Society","award":["IN607B 2022\/15"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IN607B 2022\/15"]}]},{"name":"Division of Analytical Chemistry of the European Chemical Society","award":["RED2022-134079-T"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RED2022-134079-T"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities, Spain","award":["ED431 2020\/06"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ED431 2020\/06"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities, Spain","award":["IN607B 2022\/15"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IN607B 2022\/15"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities, Spain","award":["RED2022-134079-T"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RED2022-134079-T"]}]},{"name":"FEDER (EU)","award":["ED431 2020\/06"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ED431 2020\/06"]}]},{"name":"FEDER (EU)","award":["IN607B 2022\/15"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IN607B 2022\/15"]}]},{"name":"FEDER (EU)","award":["RED2022-134079-T"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RED2022-134079-T"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["MPs"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Hydroalcoholic gels or hand sanitisers have become essential products to prevent and mitigate the transmission of COVID-19. Depending on their use, they can be classified as cosmetics (cleaning the skin) or biocides (with antimicrobial effects). The aim of this work was to determine sixty personal care products frequently found in cosmetic formulations, including fragrance allergens, synthetic musks, preservatives and plasticisers, in hydroalcoholic gels and evaluate their compliance with the current regulation. A simple and fast analytical methodology based on solid-phase microextraction followed by gas chromatography\u2013tandem mass spectrometry (SPME-GC-MS\/MS) was validated and applied to 67 real samples. Among the 60 target compounds, 47 of them were found in the analysed hand sanitisers, highlighting the high number of fragrance allergens (up to 23) at concentrations of up to 32,458 \u03bcg g\u22121. Most of the samples did not comply with the labelling requirements of the EU Regulation No 1223\/2009, and some of them even contained compounds banned in cosmetic products such as plasticisers. Method sustainability was also evaluated using the metric tool AGREEPrep, demonstrating its greenness.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/mps6050095","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,9]],"date-time":"2023-10-09T06:16:48Z","timestamp":1696832208000},"page":"95","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Allergens and Other Harmful Substances in Hydroalcoholic Gels: Compliance with Current Regulation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Ana","family":"Casti\u00f1eira-Landeira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CRETUS, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Science, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3068-3837","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lua","family":"Vazquez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CRETUS, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Science, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1680-8958","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thierry","family":"Dagnac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Galician Agency for Food Quality, Agronomic Research Centre (AGACAL-CIAM), Unit of Organic Contaminants, P.O. Box 10, E-15080 A Coru\u00f1a, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3212-5743","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria","family":"Celeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CRETUS, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Science, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda","family":"Llompart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CRETUS, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Science, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"776","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2020.03.017","article-title":"Hand hygiene and the novel coronavirus pandemic: The role of healthcare workers","volume":"105","author":"Lotfinejad","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Hosp. Infect."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119431","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2020.119431","article-title":"Hand sanitisers amid COVID-19: A critical review of alcohol-based products on the market and formulation approaches to respond to increasing demand","volume":"584","author":"Berardi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"Huddleston, T. (2023, January 25). The History of Hand Sanitize-How the Coronavirus Staple Went from Mechanic Shops to Consumer Shelves. Available online: https:\/\/www.cnbc.com\/2020\/03\/27\/coronavirus-the-history-of-hand-sanitizer-and-why-its-im-portant.html."},{"key":"ref_4","unstructured":"European Commission (2023, June 05). Guidance on the Applicable Legislation for Leave-on Hand Cleaners and Hand Disinfectants (Gel, Solution, etc.). Available online: https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/docsroom\/documents\/40523."},{"key":"#cr-split#-ref_5.1","unstructured":"European Commission (2012). 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Cosmetics, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/cosmetics10030091"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fallica, F., Leonardi, C., Toscano, V., Santonocito, D., Leonardi, P., and Puglia, C. (2021). Assessment of Alcohol-based hand sanitizers for long-term use, formulated with addition of natural ingredients in comparison to WHO formulation 1. Pharmaceutics, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics13040571"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1128\/mSphere.00062-21","article-title":"Evaluating the antimicrobial properties of commercial hand sanitizers","volume":"6","author":"Chojnacki","year":"2021","journal-title":"MSphere"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1592","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2607.200915","article-title":"Inactivation of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 by WHO-recommended hand rub formulations and alcohols","volume":"26","author":"Kratzel","year":"2020","journal-title":"Emerg. Infe. 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Chem."}],"container-title":["Methods and Protocols"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2409-9279\/6\/5\/95\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T21:02:42Z","timestamp":1760130162000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2409-9279\/6\/5\/95"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,7]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]}},"alternative-id":["mps6050095"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mps6050095","relation":{},"ISSN":["2409-9279"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2409-9279","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,7]]}}}