{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,6]],"date-time":"2026-11-06T06:02:16Z","timestamp":1793944936581,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,14]],"date-time":"2024-04-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1713052800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"University of Ferrara"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["MPs"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Financial toxicity (FT) refers to the negative impact of health-care costs on clinical conditions. In general, social determinants of health, especially poverty, socioenvironmental stressors, and psychological factors, are increasingly recognized as important determinants of non-communicable diseases, such as chronic kidney disease (CKD), and their consequences. We aim to investigate the prevalence of FT in patients at different stages of CKD treated in our universal health-care system and from pediatric nephrology, hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis and renal transplantation clinics. FT will be assessed with the Patient-Reported Outcome for Fighting Financial Toxicity (PROFFIT) score, which was first developed by Italian oncologists. Our local ethics committee has approved the study. Our population sample will answer the sixteen questions of the PROFFIT questionnaire, seven of which are related to the outcome and nine the determinants of FT. Data will be analyzed in the pediatric and adult populations and by group stratification. We are confident that this study will raise awareness among health-care professionals of the high risk of adverse health outcomes in patients who have both kidney disease and high levels of FT. Strategies to reduce FT should be implemented to improve the standard of care for people with kidney disease and lead to truly patient-centered care.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/mps7020034","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,15]],"date-time":"2024-04-15T10:24:26Z","timestamp":1713176666000},"page":"34","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Financial Toxicity in Renal Patients (FINTORE) Study: A Cross-Sectional Italian Study on Financial Burden in Kidney Disease\u2014A Project Protocol"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7320-7019","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rossella","family":"Siligato","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nephrology Unit, University Hospital of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences, University of Messina, 98121 Messina, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4823-9910","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guido","family":"Gembillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences, University of Messina, 98121 Messina, Italy"},{"name":"Unit of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98121 Messina, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6373-8163","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emanuele","family":"Di Simone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7616-1247","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessio","family":"Di Maria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nephrology Unit, University Hospital of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simone","family":"Nicoletti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nephrology Unit, University Hospital of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura Maria","family":"Scichilone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nephrology Unit, University Hospital of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matteo","family":"Capone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nephrology Unit, University Hospital of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca Maria","family":"Vinci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nephrology Unit, University Hospital of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Bondanelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Malaventura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alda","family":"Storari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nephrology Unit, University Hospital of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4279-6559","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Domenico","family":"Santoro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98121 Messina, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2641-4044","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Di Muzio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Dionisi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nursing, Technical and Rehabilitation, Department DATeR Azienda Unit\u00e0 Sanitaria Locale di Bologna, 40121 Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5189-3695","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabio","family":"Fabbian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nephrology Unit, University Hospital of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"djv410","article-title":"Minimizing the \u201cfinancial toxicity\u201d associated with cancer care: Advancing the research agenda","volume":"108","author":"Yabroff","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. 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