{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,6]],"date-time":"2026-06-06T05:01:21Z","timestamp":1780722081214,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":129,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["MPs"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Long-acting injectables (LAIs) are widely used for chronic conditions such as schizophrenia, opioid use disorder, and HIV. Their prolonged efficacy improves adherence and reduces dosing frequency. Among these systems, poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)-based formulations are commonly used to deliver drugs ranging from small molecules to peptides and proteins. In vitro release (IVR) tests play a critical role in evaluating drug product performance for both immediate- and prolonged-release dosage forms. However, there is a lack of standardized compendial IVR methods for the assessment of LAIs. This lack impedes the development of new drug products in this area and also complicates their regulatory approval process. Considering the complexity of drug release mechanisms and the diversity of various formulation design approaches, it is not possible to devise a universal IVR method that is applicable to all LAI products. The in vitro release test applied for quality control should be simple, robust, reproducible, and discriminatory. On the other hand, more complex biorelevant media and methods are often used during development to better reflect physiological conditions. This article provides a comprehensive review of compendial and non-compendial methods used for in vitro release testing of PLGA-based LAIs (microspheres and in situ forming implants), with the goal of aiding the development and standardization of future methodologies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/mps9030087","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T01:08:02Z","timestamp":1780535282000},"page":"87","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["An Overview of In Vitro Release Methods for Long-Acting Injectable Products Based on PLGA"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7603-1896","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maja","family":"Lusina Kregar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"HALMED, Agency for Medicinal Products and Medical Devices of Croatia, Ksaverska Cesta 4, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5649-3535","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iva","family":"Krtali\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research and Development, PLIVA Croatia Ltd., Teva, Prilaz Baruna Filipovi\u0107a 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4410-3602","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ivana","family":"\u0160agud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HALMED, Agency for Medicinal Products and Medical Devices of Croatia, Ksaverska Cesta 4, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"},{"name":"Faculty of Biotechnology and Drug Development, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104447","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2025.104447","article-title":"Long-Acting Drug Delivery Systems: Current Landscape and Future Prospects","volume":"30","year":"2025","journal-title":"Drug Discov. 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