{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T10:16:40Z","timestamp":1792059400848,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":123,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,16]],"date-time":"2020-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1586995200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"UHK","award":["Excelence project"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Excelence project"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nanomaterials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Green synthesis has gained wide attention as a sustainable, reliable, and eco-friendly approach to the synthesis of a variety of nanomaterials, including hybrid materials, metal\/metal oxide nanoparticles, and bioinspired materials. Plant flowers contain diverse secondary compounds, including pigments, volatile substances contributing to fragrance, and other phenolics that have a profound ethnobotanical relevance, particularly in relation to the curing of diseases by \u2018Pushpa Ayurveda\u2019 or floral therapy. These compounds can be utilized as potent reducing agents for the synthesis of a variety of metal\/metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs), such as gold, silver, copper, zinc, iron, and cadmium. Phytochemicals from flowers can act both as reducing and stabilizing agents, besides having a role as precursor molecules for the formation of NPs. Furthermore, the synthesis is mostly performed at ambient room temperatures and is eco-friendly, as no toxic derivatives are formed. The NPs obtained exhibit unique and diverse properties, which can be harnessed for a variety of applications in different fields. This review reports the use of a variety of flower extracts for the green synthesis of several types of metallic nanoparticles and their applications. This review shows that flower extract was mainly used to design gold and silver nanoparticles, while other metals and metal oxides were less explored in relation to this synthesis. Flower-derived silver nanoparticles show good antibacterial, antioxidant, and insecticidal activities and can be used in different applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nano10040766","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,16]],"date-time":"2020-04-16T13:01:39Z","timestamp":1587042099000},"page":"766","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":180,"title":["Flower-Based Green Synthesis of Metallic Nanoparticles: Applications beyond Fragrance"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5301-484X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Harsh","family":"Kumar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Bioengineering &amp; Food Technology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan-173229, H. P., India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1708-6395","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kanchan","family":"Bhardwaj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan-173229, H. P., India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9664-1109","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kamil","family":"Ku\u010da","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove 50003, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8367-1923","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anu","family":"Kalia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Electron Microscopy and Nanoscience Laboratory, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana-141004, Punjab, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eugenie","family":"Nepovimova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove 50003, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5321-9450","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rachna","family":"Verma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan-173229, H. P., India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3485-6408","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dinesh","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Bioengineering &amp; Food Technology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan-173229, H. P., India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"29","article-title":"Nanotechnology, big things from a tiny world: A review","volume":"2","author":"Bhattacharyya","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. J. u- e- Serv. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Goddard, W.A., Brenner, D., Lyshevski, S.E., and Iafrate, G.J. (2007). Handbook of Nanoscience, Engineering, and Technology, CRC Press. 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