{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T13:48:26Z","timestamp":1777643306040,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,3]],"date-time":"2020-09-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1599091200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nanomaterials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Bone fractures related to musculoskeletal disorders determine long-term disability in older people with a consequent significant economic burden. The recovery of pathologically impaired tissue architecture allows avoiding bone loss-derived consequences such as bone height reduction, deterioration of bone structure, inflamed bone pain, and high mortality for thighbone fractures. Actually, standard therapy for osteoporosis treatment is based on the systemic administration of biphosphonates and anti-inflammatory drugs, which entail several side effects including gastrointestinal (GI) diseases, fever, and articular pain. Hence, the demand of innovative therapeutic approaches for locally treating bone lesions has been increasing in the last few years. In this scenario, the development of injectable materials loaded with therapeutically active agents (i.e., anti-inflammatory drugs, antibiotics, and peptides mimicking growth factors) could be an effective tool to treat bone loss and inflammation related to musculoskeletal diseases, including osteoporosis and osteoarthritis. According to this challenge, here, we propose three different compositions of injectable calcium phosphates (CaP) as new carrier materials of therapeutic compounds such as bisphosphonates (i.e., alendronate), anti-inflammatory drugs (i.e., diclofenac sodium), and natural molecules (i.e., harpagoside) for the local bone disease treatment. Biological quantitative analyses were performed for screening osteoinductive and anti-inflammatory properties of injectable drug-loaded systems. Meanwhile, cell morphological features were analyzed through scanning electron microscopy and confocal investigations. The results exhibited that the three systems exerted an osteoinductive effect during later phases of osteogenesis. Simultaneously, all compositions showed an anti-inflammatory activity on inflammation in vitro models.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nano10091743","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,3]],"date-time":"2020-09-03T08:40:26Z","timestamp":1599122426000},"page":"1743","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Osteogenic and Anti-Inflammatory Behavior of Injectable Calcium Phosphate Loaded with Therapeutic Drugs"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9568-3945","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ines","family":"Fasolino","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials\u2014National Research Council (IPCB-CNR), Mostra d\u2019Oltremare pad.20\u2014Viale J.F. Kennedy 54, 80125 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alessandra","family":"Soriente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials\u2014National Research Council (IPCB-CNR), Mostra d\u2019Oltremare pad.20\u2014Viale J.F. Kennedy 54, 80125 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luigi","family":"Ambrosio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials\u2014National Research Council (IPCB-CNR), Mostra d\u2019Oltremare pad.20\u2014Viale J.F. Kennedy 54, 80125 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0516-4181","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Grazia","family":"Raucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials\u2014National Research Council (IPCB-CNR), Mostra d\u2019Oltremare pad.20\u2014Viale J.F. Kennedy 54, 80125 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7035","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2013.02.002","article-title":"A new metaphyseal bone defect model in osteoporotic rats to study biomaterials for the enhancement of bone healing in osteoporotic fractures","volume":"9","author":"Alt","year":"2013","journal-title":"Acta Biomater."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110046","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2019.110046","article-title":"Osteoinductive and anti-inflammatory properties of chitosan-based scaffolds for bone regeneration","volume":"105","author":"Fasolino","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mater. Sci. Eng. 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