{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T17:16:14Z","timestamp":1793898974235,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,26]],"date-time":"2020-10-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1603670400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Russian Federation Ministry for Education and Science","award":["0529-2019-0057"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["0529-2019-0057"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nanomaterials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The experimental data on the oral toxicity of nanostructured amorphous silica (SiO2), widely used in food supplements, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics, in terms of its in vivo effect on the immune system, are contradictory. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the rat\u2019s immune function after SiO2 oral administration. In the first experiment, SiO2 was daily orally administered to Wistar rats for 92 days in doses of 0.1, 1.0, 10, and 100 mg\/kg of body weight (bw). In the second 28-day experiment, SiO2 in a dose of 100 mg\/kg bw was daily orally administered to rats parenterally immunized with the food allergen ovalbumin (OVA) for the reproduction of systemic anaphylaxis reaction. Together with integral indices, we assessed intestinal permeability to protein macromolecules; hematology; CD45RA+, CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, and CD161a+ cells; cytokines TNF-\u03b1, IL-6, and IL-10; and IgG to OVA. The results obtained showed that SiO2 has no effect on the severity of the anaphylactic reaction, but is capable inducing a toxic effect on the T-cell immune systems of rats. Estimated no observed adverse effect level NOAEL for SiO2 ranges up to 100 mg\/kg bw in terms of its daily consumption for 1\u20133 months. Using SiO2 as a food additive should be the subject of regulation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nano10112126","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,26]],"date-time":"2020-10-26T10:38:35Z","timestamp":1603708715000},"page":"2126","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Toxicity Evaluation of Nanostructured Silica Orally Administered to Rats: Influence on Immune System Function"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3671-6508","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ivan V.","family":"Gmoshinski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal Research Centre of Nutrition and Biotechnology, 109240 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0015-8735","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vladimir A.","family":"Shipelin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal Research Centre of Nutrition and Biotechnology, 109240 Moscow, Russia"},{"name":"Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, 115093 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonina A.","family":"Shumakova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal Research Centre of Nutrition and Biotechnology, 109240 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eleonora N.","family":"Trushina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal Research Centre of Nutrition and Biotechnology, 109240 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oksana K.","family":"Mustafina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal Research Centre of Nutrition and Biotechnology, 109240 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3621-4321","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Irina V.","family":"Safenkova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Centre of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, 119071 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sergey A.","family":"Khotimchenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal Research Centre of Nutrition and Biotechnology, 109240 Moscow, Russia"},{"name":"I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dmitry B.","family":"Nikityuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal Research Centre of Nutrition and Biotechnology, 109240 Moscow, Russia"},{"name":"I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Viktor A.","family":"Tutelyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal Research Centre of Nutrition and Biotechnology, 109240 Moscow, Russia"},{"name":"I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) (2020, August 14). Silicon Dioxide, Amorphous. Residue Monograph Prepared by the Meeting of the Joint FAO\/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA), 84th Meeting 2017. Available online: http:\/\/www.fao.org\/3\/CA3117EN\/ca3117en.pdf."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfp254","article-title":"Airway exposure to silica-coated TiO2 nanoparticles induces pulmonary neutrophilia in mice","volume":"113","author":"Rossi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Toxicol. 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