{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T04:15:10Z","timestamp":1791260110829,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,21]],"date-time":"2021-09-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1632182400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Increase Competitiveness Program","award":["P02-2017-2-4"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P02-2017-2-4"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nanomaterials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this study, the samples of the ZnFe2O4 (ZFO) spinel ferrites nanoparticles (SFNPs), Co0.5Ni0.5Ga0.01Gd0.01Fe1.98O4 (CNGaGdFO) SFNPs and (Co0.5Ni0.5Ga0.01Gd0.01Fe1.98O4)x\/(ZnFe2O4)y (x:y = 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 2:1, 3:1 and 4:1) (CNGaGdFO)x\/(ZFO)y spinel ferrite nanocomposites (NC) have been synthesized by both sol-gel and Green pulsed laser ablation in liquid (PLAL) approaches. All products were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning and transmission electron microscopies (SEM and TEM), elemental mappings and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). It was objected to tune the magnetic properties of a soft spinel ferrite material with a softer one by mixing them with different fractions. Some key findings are as follows. M-H investigations revealed the exhibition of ferrimagnetic phases for all synthesized samples (except ZnFe2O4) that were synthesized by sol-gel or PLAL methods at both 300 K and 10 K. ZnFe2O4 ferrite NPs exhibits almost paramagnetic feature at 300 K and glass-like phase at very low temperatures below 19.23 K. At RT analyses, maximum saturation magnetization (MS) of 66.53 emu\/g belongs to nanocomposite samples that was synthesized by sol-gel method and x:y ratio of 1:3. At 10 K analyses, MS,max = 118.71 emu\/g belongs to same nanocomposite samples with ratio of 1:3. Maximum coercivities are 625 Oe belonging to CNGaGdFO and 3564 Oe belonging to NC sample that was obtained by sol-gel route having the 3:1 ratio. Squareness ratio (SQRs = Mr\/MS) of NC sample (sol-gel, 4:1 ratio) is 0.371 as maximum and other samples have much lower values until a minimum of 0.121 (laser, 3:1) assign the multi-domain wall structure for all samples at 300 K. At 10 K data, just CNGaGdFO has 0.495 SQR value assigning single domain nature. The maximum values of effective crystal anisotropy constant (Keff) are 5.92 \u00d7 104 Erg\/g and 2.4 \u00d7 105 Erg\/g belonging to CNGaGdFO at 300 K and 10 K, respectively. Further, this sample has an internal anisotropy field Ha of 1953 Oe as largest at 300 K. At 10 K another sample (sol-gel, 3:1 ratio) has Ha,max of 11138 Oe which can also be classified as a soft magnetic material similar to other samples. Briefly, most magnetic parameters of NCs that were synthesized by sol-gel route are stronger than magnetic parameters of the NCs that were synthesized by PLAL at both temperatures. Some NC samples were observed to have stronger magnetic data as compared to magnetic parameters of Co0.5Ni0.5Ga0.01Gd0.01Fe1.98O4 NPs at 10 K.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nano11092461","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,21]],"date-time":"2021-09-21T22:34:01Z","timestamp":1632263641000},"page":"2461","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":79,"title":["Structural and Magnetic Properties of Co0.5Ni0.5Ga0.01Gd0.01Fe1.98O4\/ZnFe2O4 Spinel Ferrite Nanocomposites: Comparative Study between Sol-Gel and Pulsed Laser Ablation in Liquid Approaches"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1651-3591","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Munirah A.","family":"Almessiere","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics, College of Science Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Department of Biophysics, Institute for Research and Medical Consultation (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sadik","family":"G\u00fcner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2579-1617","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yassine","family":"Slimani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biophysics, Institute for Research and Medical Consultation (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5846-695X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammed","family":"Hassan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laser Research Group, Physics Department & Center of Excellence in Nanotechnology, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdulhadi","family":"Baykal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nanomedicine Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultation (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9570-4569","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammed Ashraf","family":"Gondal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laser Research Group, Physics Department & IRC-Hydrogen and Energy Storage, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"K.A. CARE Energy Research and Innovation Center, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9881-1981","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Umair","family":"Baig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interdisciplinary Research Center for Membranes and Water Security, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2294-4371","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sergei V.","family":"Trukhanov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Magnetic Films Physics, Scientific-Practical Materials Research Centre of National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 220072 Minsk, Belarus"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3430-9578","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alex V.","family":"Trukhanov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Magnetic Films Physics, Scientific-Practical Materials Research Centre of National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 220072 Minsk, Belarus"},{"name":"Department of Electronic Materials Technology, National University of Science and Technology MISiS, 119049 Moscow, Russia"},{"name":"L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Nur-Sultan 010008, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Algarou, N.A., Slimani, Y., Almessiere, M.A., Sadaqat, A., Trukhanov, A.V., Gondal, M.A., Hakeem, A.S., Trukhanov, S.V., Vakhitov, M.G., and Klygach, D.S. (2020). Functional Sr0.5Ba0.5Sm0.02Fe11.98O4\/x(Ni0.8Zn0.2Fe2O4) hard-soft ferrite nanocomposites: Structure, magnetic and microwave properties. Nanomaterials, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/nano10112134"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rehman, S., Almessiere, M.A., Al-Jameel, S.S., Ali, U., Slimani, Y., Taskhandi, N., Al-Saleh, N.S., Manikandan, A., Khan, F.A., and Al-Suhaimi, E. (2021). 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