{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,12]],"date-time":"2026-07-12T10:21:34Z","timestamp":1783851694751,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":140,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,8]],"date-time":"2021-12-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638921600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006541","name":"Comunidad de Madrid","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["EPU-INV\/2020\/012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EPU-INV\/2020\/012"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006541","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nanomaterials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In the fight against cancer, early diagnosis is critical for effective treatment. Traditional cancer diagnostic technologies, on the other hand, have limitations that make early detection difficult. Therefore, multi-functionalized nanoparticles (NPs) and nano-biosensors have revolutionized the era of cancer diagnosis and treatment for targeted action via attaching specified and biocompatible ligands to target the tissues, which are highly over-expressed in certain types of cancers. Advancements in multi-functionalized NPs can be achieved via modifying molecular genetics to develop personalized and targeted treatments based on RNA interference. Modification in RNA therapies utilized small RNA subunits in the form of small interfering RNAs (siRNA) for overexpressing the specific genes of, most commonly, breast, colon, gastric, cervical, and hepatocellular cancer. RNA-conjugated nanomaterials appear to be the gold standard for preventing various malignant tumors through focused diagnosis and delivering to a specific tissue, resulting in cancer cells going into programmed death. The latest advances in RNA nanotechnology applications for cancer diagnosis and treatment are summarized in this review.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nano11123330","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,8]],"date-time":"2021-12-08T23:30:00Z","timestamp":1639006200000},"page":"3330","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":57,"title":["Novel Perspectives towards RNA-Based Nano-Theranostic Approaches for Cancer Management"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7654-3456","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rabia","family":"Arshad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lahore, Lahore 45320, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iqra","family":"Fatima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2255-5977","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saman","family":"Sargazi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute of Cellular and Molecular Sciences in Infectious Diseases, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan 98167-43463, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4766-9214","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abbas","family":"Rahdar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics, University of Zabol, Zabol 98613-35856, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Milad","family":"Karamzadeh-Jahromi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics, University of Kashan, Kashan 87317-51167, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2065-897X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sadanand","family":"Pandey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Science, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7405-2354","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana M.","family":"D\u00edez-Pascual","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad de Alcal\u00e1, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Qu\u00edmica Anal\u00edtica, Qu\u00edmica F\u00edsica e Ingenier\u00eda Qu\u00edmica, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona, Km. 33.6, 28805 Alcal\u00e1 de Henares, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5388-3183","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammad","family":"Bilal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai\u2019an 223003, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.20107","article-title":"Global cancer statistics","volume":"61","author":"Jemal","year":"2011","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. Clin."},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"69","article-title":"Nanomedical Devices and Cancer Theranostics","volume":"61","author":"Moumaris","year":"2020","journal-title":"Open Nanomed. Nanotechnol. 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