{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T17:26:45Z","timestamp":1789406805189,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,18]],"date-time":"2022-11-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668729600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Science Fund of the Republic of Serbia","award":["#7741955"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#7741955"]}]},{"name":"Science Fund of the Republic of Serbia","award":["451-03-68\/2022-14\/200017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["451-03-68\/2022-14\/200017"]}]},{"name":"Science Fund of the Republic of Serbia","award":["451-03-68\/2022-14\/200042"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["451-03-68\/2022-14\/200042"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia","award":["#7741955"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#7741955"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia","award":["451-03-68\/2022-14\/200017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["451-03-68\/2022-14\/200017"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia","award":["451-03-68\/2022-14\/200042"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["451-03-68\/2022-14\/200042"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nanomaterials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Development of new types of antimicrobial coatings is of utmost importance due to increasing problems with pathogen transmission from various infectious surfaces to human beings. In this study, new types of highly potent antimicrobial polyurethane composite films encapsulated by hydrophobic riboflavin-based carbon polymer dots are presented. Detailed structural, optical, antimicrobial, and cytotoxic investigations of these composites were conducted. Low-power blue light triggered the composites to eradicate Escherichia coli in 30 min, whereas the same effect toward Staphylococcus aureus was reached after 60 min. These composites also show low toxicity against MRC-5 cells. In this way, RF-CPD composites can be used for sterilization of highly touched objects in the healthcare industry.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nano12224070","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,21]],"date-time":"2022-11-21T04:13:36Z","timestamp":1669004016000},"page":"4070","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Highly Efficient Antibacterial Polymer Composites Based on Hydrophobic Riboflavin Carbon Polymerized Dots"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5917-4337","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zoran M.","family":"Markovi\u0107","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Vin\u010da Institute of Nuclear Sciences\u2014National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6289-3674","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M\u00e1ria","family":"Kov\u00e1\u010dov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Polymer Institute, Slovak Academy of Sciences, D\u00fabravsk\u00e1 Cest\u00e1 9, 84541 Bratislava, Slovakia"},{"name":"Department of Physical Electronics, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotl\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e1 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6661-385X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sanja R.","family":"Jeremi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u0160tefan","family":"Nagy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Materials and Machine Mechanics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, D\u00fabravsk\u00e1 Cest\u00e1 9\/6319, 84513 Bratislava, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8924-2679","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Du\u0161an D.","family":"Milivojevi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vin\u010da Institute of Nuclear Sciences\u2014National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7861-9212","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pavel","family":"Kubat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"J. Heyrovsky Institute of Physical Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Dolej\u0161kova 3, 182 23 Praha, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0537-3397","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angela","family":"Kleinov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Polymer Institute, Slovak Academy of Sciences, D\u00fabravsk\u00e1 Cest\u00e1 9, 84541 Bratislava, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Milica D.","family":"Budimir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vin\u010da Institute of Nuclear Sciences\u2014National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marija M.","family":"Mojsin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Milena J.","family":"Stevanovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia"},{"name":"Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia"},{"name":"Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Knez Mihailova 35, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3769-9287","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adriana","family":"Annu\u0161ov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Multilayers and Nanostructures, Institute of Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, D\u00fabravsk\u00e1 Cest\u00e1 9, 84541 Bratislava, Slovakia"},{"name":"Centre for Advanced Materials Application, Slovak Academy of Sciences, D\u00fabravsk\u00e1 Cesta 9, 84511 Bratislava, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2589-9035","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zdeno","family":"\u0160pitalsk\u00fd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Polymer Institute, Slovak Academy of Sciences, D\u00fabravsk\u00e1 Cest\u00e1 9, 84541 Bratislava, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0704-4327","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Biljana M.","family":"Todorovi\u0107 Markovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vin\u010da Institute of Nuclear Sciences\u2014National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnn.2018.05.008","article-title":"Does using a cellular mobile phone increase the risk of nosocomial infections in the neonatal intensive care unit: A systematic review","volume":"24","author":"Curtis","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. 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