{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T13:01:17Z","timestamp":1784293277102,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,10]],"date-time":"2023-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688947200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000066","name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P42ES007380"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P42ES007380"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000066","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"National Science Foundation (NSF)","award":["P42ES007380"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P42ES007380"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nanomaterials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Trichloroethylene (TCE) is a prominent groundwater pollutant due to its stability, widespread contamination, and negative health effects upon human exposure; thus, an immense need exists for enhanced environmental remediation techniques. Temperature-responsive domains and catalyst incorporation in membrane domains bring significant advantages for toxic organic decontamination. In this study, hollow fiber membranes (HFMs) were functionalized with stimuli-responsive poly-N-isopropylacrylamide (PNIPAm), poly-methyl methacrylate (PMMA), and catalytic zero-valent iron\/palladium (Fe\/Pd) for heightened reductive degradation of such pollutants, utilizing methyl orange (MO) as a model compound. By utilizing PNIPAm\u2019s transition from hydrophilic to hydrophobic expression above the LCST of 32 \u00b0C, increased pollutant diffusion and adsorption to the catalyst active sites were achieved. PNIPAm-PMMA hydrogels exhibited 11.5\u00d7 and 10.8\u00d7 higher equilibrium adsorption values for MO and TCE, respectively, when transitioning from 23 \u00b0C to 40 \u00b0C. With dip-coated PNIPAm-PMMA-functionalized HFMs (weight gain: ~15%) containing Fe\/Pd nanoparticles (dp~34.8 nm), surface area-normalized rate constants for batch degradation were determined, resulting in a 30% and 420% increase in degradation efficiency above 32 \u00b0C for MO and TCE, respectively, due to enhanced sorption on the hydrophobic PNIPAm domain. Overall, with functionalized membranes containing superior surface area-to-volume ratios and enhanced sorption sites, efficient treatment of high-volume contaminated water can be achieved.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nano13142041","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,11]],"date-time":"2023-07-11T01:42:58Z","timestamp":1689039778000},"page":"2041","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Enhanced Degradation of Methyl Orange and Trichloroethylene with PNIPAm-PMMA-Fe\/Pd-Functionalized Hollow Fiber Membranes"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1816-2510","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rollie","family":"Mills","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40508, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cameron","family":"Tvrdik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40508, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40508, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9948-9085","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dibakar","family":"Bhattacharyya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40508, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2004.08.018","article-title":"Heterogeneous photocatalysis of aromatic and chlorinated volatile organic compounds (VOCs) for non-occupational indoor air application","volume":"57","author":"Jo","year":"2004","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.00108s2359","article-title":"Exposure assessment of trichloroethylene","volume":"108","author":"Wu","year":"2000","journal-title":"Environ. 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