{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T08:12:36Z","timestamp":1789719156148,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,25]],"date-time":"2023-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1692921600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"NJIT Office of Research Undergraduate Research &amp; Innovation Seed Program"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nanomaterials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>We prepared hybrid nanocrystal\u2013amorphous solid dispersions (HyNASDs) to examine their supersaturation capability in the release of a poorly soluble drug, itraconazole (ITZ), a slow crystallizer during dissolution. The HyNASD formulations included a polymer (HPC: hydroxypropyl cellulose, Sol: Soluplus, or VA64: Kollidon-VA64) and a surfactant (SDS: sodium dodecyl sulfate). Additionally, the dissolution performance of the HyNASDs and ASDs was compared. To this end, wet-milled aqueous nanosuspensions containing a 1:5 ITZ:polymer mass ratio with\/without SDS as well as solutions of the same ratio without SDS in dichloromethane were spray-dried. XRPD\u2013DSC confirmed that ASDs were formed upon spray drying the solution-based feeds, whereas HyNASDs (~5\u201330% amorphous) were formed with the nanosuspension-based feeds. SDS aided to stabilize the ITZ nanosuspensions and increase the amorphous content in the spray-dried powders. During dissolution, up to 850% and 790% relative supersaturation values were attained by HyNASDs with and without SDS, respectively. Due to the stronger molecular interaction between ITZ\u2013Sol than ITZ\u2013HPC\/VA64 and micellar solubilization by Sol, Sol-based HyNASDs outperformed HPC\/VA64-based HyNASDs. While the ASD formulations generated greater supersaturation values (\u22641670%) than HyNASDs (\u2264790%), this extent of supersaturation from a largely nanocrystalline formulation (HyNASD) has not been achieved before. Overall, HyNASDs could boost drug release from nanoparticle-based formulations and may render them competitive to ASDs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nano13172419","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,25]],"date-time":"2023-08-25T08:33:09Z","timestamp":1692952389000},"page":"2419","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Preparation and Characterization of Spray-Dried Hybrid Nanocrystal\u2013Amorphous Solid Dispersions (HyNASDs) for Supersaturation Enhancement of a Slowly Crystallizing Drug"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Mahbubur","family":"Rahman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Otto H. York Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keanu","family":"Radgman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Otto H. York Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-8773-8202","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James","family":"Tarabokija","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Otto H. York Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephanie","family":"Ahmad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Otto H. York Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8880-6783","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ecevit","family":"Bilgili","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Otto H. York Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/S0939-6411(00)00091-6","article-title":"Modern bioavailability, bioequivalence and biopharmaceutics classification system. New scientific approaches to international regulatory standards","volume":"50","author":"Amidon","year":"2000","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bhakay, A., Rahman, M., Dave, R.N., and Bilgili, E. (2018). Bioavailability enhancement of poorly water-soluble drugs via nanocomposites: Formulation processing aspects and challenges. 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