{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T11:24:14Z","timestamp":1780399454723,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,15]],"date-time":"2023-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1702598400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"JSPS KAKENHI","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP21K19937"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP21K19937"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"JSPS KAKENHI","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP22H03964"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP22H03964"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"JSPS KAKENHI","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["202206150040"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202206150040"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"China Scholarship Council (CSC)","award":["JP21K19937"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP21K19937"]}]},{"name":"China Scholarship Council (CSC)","award":["JP22H03964"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP22H03964"]}]},{"name":"China Scholarship Council (CSC)","award":["202206150040"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202206150040"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nanomaterials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Clinically, cancer chemotherapy still faces unsatisfactory efficacy due to drug resistance and severe side effects, including tiredness, hair loss, feeling sick, etc. The clinical benefits of checkpoint inhibitors have revived hope for cancer immunotherapy, but the objective response rate of immune checkpoint inhibitors remains around 10\u201340%. Herein, two types of copper-doped mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MS-Cu\u20131 with a diameter of about 30 nm and MS-Cu\u20132 with a diameter of about 200 nm) were synthesized using a one-pot method. Both MS-Cu\u20131 and MS-Cu\u20132 nanoparticles showed excellent tumor microenvironment regulation properties with elevated extracellular and intracellular ROS generation, extracellular and intracellular oxygenation, and intracellular GSH depletion. In particular, MS-Cu\u20132 nanoparticles demonstrated a better microenvironment modulation effect than MS-Cu\u20131 nanoparticles. The DSF\/MS-Cu composites with disulfiram (DSF) and copper co-delivery characteristics were prepared by a straightforward method using chloroform as the solvent. Cell survival rate and live\/dead staining results showed that DSF and MS-Cu alone were not toxic to LLC cells, while a low dose of DSF\/MS-Cu (1\u201310 \u03bcg\/mL) showed a strong cell-killing effect. In addition, MS-Cu\u20132 nanoparticles released more Cu2+ in a weakly acidic environment (pH = 5) than in a physiological environment (pH = 7.4), and the Cu2+ released was 41.72 \u00b1 0.96 mg\/L in 1 h under weakly acidic conditions. UV\u2013visible absorption spectrometry confirmed the production of tumor-killing drugs (CuETs). The intratumoral injection of DSF\/MS-Cu significantly inhibited tumor growth in vivo by converting nontoxic DSF\/MS-Cu into toxic CuETs. The combination of DSF\/MS-Cu and anti-CTLA\u20134 antibody further inhibited tumor growth, showing the synergistic effect of DSF\/MS-Cu and immune checkpoint inhibitors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nano13243144","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,15]],"date-time":"2023-12-15T06:53:16Z","timestamp":1702623196000},"page":"3144","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["An In Situ Chemotherapy Drug Combined with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor for Chemoimmunotherapy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Xinyuan","family":"Yuan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, and National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou 510641, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7737-384X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiupeng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health and Medical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 6, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba 305-8566, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21763","article-title":"Cancer statistics, 2023","volume":"73","author":"Siegel","year":"2023","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. 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