{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T02:52:46Z","timestamp":1771469566334,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,20]],"date-time":"2024-05-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716163200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nanomaterials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Inflammation and oxidative stress are implicated in the pathogenesis of Crohn\u2019s disease. Cerium oxide nanoparticle (CNP) conjugated to microRNA 146a (miR146a) (CNP-miR146a) is a novel compound with anti-inflammatory and antioxidative properties. We hypothesized that local administration of CNP-miR146a would improve colitis in a 2,4,6-Trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS) mouse model for Crohn\u2019s disease by decreasing colonic inflammation. Balb\/c mice were instilled with TNBS enemas to induce colitis. Two days later, the mice received cellulose gel enema, cellulose gel with CNP-miR146a enema, or no treatment. Control mice received initial enemas of 50% ethanol and PBS enemas on day two. The mice were monitored daily for weight loss and clinical disease activity. The mice were euthanized on days two or five to evaluate their miR146a expression, inflammation on histology, and colonic IL-6 and TNF gene expressions and protein concentrations. CNP-miR146a enema successfully increased colonic miR146a expression at 12 h following delivery. At the end of five days from TNBS instillation, the mice treated with CNP-miR146a demonstrated reduced weight loss, improved inflammation scores on histology, and reduced gene expressions and protein concentrations of IL-6 and TNF. The local delivery of CNP-miR146a in a TNBS mouse model of acute Crohn\u2019s colitis dramatically decreased inflammatory signaling, resulting in improved clinical disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nano14100894","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,21]],"date-time":"2024-05-21T05:40:47Z","timestamp":1716270047000},"page":"894","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Targeting Inflammation and Oxidative Stress to Improve Outcomes in a TNBS Murine Crohn\u2019s Colitis Model"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Anisha","family":"Apte","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Fetal and Regenerative Biology, Department of Surgery, University of Arizona Tucson College of Medicine, Banner Children\u2019s at Diamond Children\u2019s Medical Center, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6189-8438","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James R.","family":"Bardill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jimena","family":"Canchis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Fetal and Regenerative Biology, Department of Surgery, University of Arizona Tucson College of Medicine, Banner Children\u2019s at Diamond Children\u2019s Medical Center, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stacy M.","family":"Skopp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Fetal and Regenerative Biology, Department of Surgery, University of Arizona Tucson College of Medicine, Banner Children\u2019s at Diamond Children\u2019s Medical Center, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2163-9108","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tobias","family":"Fauser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Fetal and Regenerative Biology, Department of Surgery, University of Arizona Tucson College of Medicine, Banner Children\u2019s at Diamond Children\u2019s Medical Center, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7786-5323","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bailey","family":"Lyttle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8368-0977","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alyssa 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