{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T18:31:41Z","timestamp":1776277901306,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,27]],"date-time":"2024-12-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735257600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region","award":["2024D01C50"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024D01C50"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nanomaterials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>During the preparation of single-domain (S-D) REBa2Cu3O7-x (RE-123) superconducting bulks, the seed crystals can serve as templates for crystal growth, guiding the newly formed crystals to grow in a specific direction, thereby ensuring the consistency of the crystal orientation within the sample. However, the infiltration temperature is typically restricted to approximately 1050 \u00b0C when employing NdBa2Cu3O7-x (Nd-123) crystal seeds in the traditional top-seeded infiltration growth (TSIG) technique for producing single-domain Y-123 bulk superconductors. In the present study, to overcome the temperature limitations of the heat treatment process, the optimized Y2O3 +011 IG (011 refers to BaCuO2 powder) method was employed to fabricate a group of single-domain Y-123 bulks with a high-temperature infiltration (1000\u20131300 \u00b0C). The reason for the differences in the superconducting properties between the different samples was analyzed by studying the relationship between the microstructure of the infiltrated pellet and the final Y-123 sample. The research findings were as follows: (1) when the infiltration temperature exceeded 1150 \u00b0C, the successful preparation of single-domain YBa2Cu3O7-x (Y-123) bulks became unattainable due to the coarsening or melting decomposition of the Y2BaCuO5 (Y-211) phase according to the SEM\u2013EDS analysis; (2) the content of the Y-211 phase within the Y-123 matrix was approximately 40.8%, 37.2%, 32.7%, 30.5%, and 46.4% for the different final samples; (3) with an increasing infiltration temperature, the magnetic levitation forces exhibited an initial increase followed by a subsequent decline. The maximum levitation force of 47.1 N at 77 K was reached in the sample S3 infiltrated at 1100 \u00b0C.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nano15010021","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,27]],"date-time":"2024-12-27T04:30:58Z","timestamp":1735273858000},"page":"21","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The Effect of Infiltration Temperature on the Microstructure and Magnetic Levitation Force of Single-Domain YBa2Cu3O7-x Bulk Superconductors Grown by a Modified Y+011 IG Method"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Nuerseman","family":"Maimaiti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abulizi","family":"Abulaiti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wanmin","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physics and Information Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi\u2019an 710062, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"082001","DOI":"10.1088\/0953-2048\/27\/8\/082001","article-title":"A trapped field of 17.6 T in melt-processed, bulk Gd-Ba-Cu-O reinforced with shrink-fit steel","volume":"27","author":"Durrell","year":"2014","journal-title":"Supercond. 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