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In this study, TPB-DMTP-COF-SH, prepared from 1,3,5-tris(4-aminophenyl)benzene (TPB) and 2,5-dimethoxyterephaldehyde (DMTP), was synthesized via a two-step method and applied for the adsorption of aluminum (Al3+), iron (Fe2+), and manganese (Mn2+) ions from water. Adsorption performance was influenced by pH, initial concentration, and contact time, with optimal pH values of 3 for Al3+, 8 for Fe2+, and 10 for Mn2+. The adsorption data followed the Langmuir isotherm model, yielding maximum capacities of 3.27 mg g\u22121 (Al3+), 8.5 mg g\u22121 (Fe2+), and 0.67 mg g\u22121 (Mn2+). Kinetic studies indicated a pseudo-second-order mechanism, suggesting chemisorption as the dominant process. Equilibrium adsorption was reached at 15 min for Al3+ and Mn2+ and 20 min for Fe2+. As a proof of concept, we demonstrate that this thiol-functionalized COF not only effectively removes metals but also offers enhanced processability into composite beads and membranes, making it a strong candidate for real-world water treatment applications. These findings highlight TPB-DMTP-COF-SH as a promising and scalable solution for water purification.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nano15080582","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,11]],"date-time":"2025-04-11T05:38:26Z","timestamp":1744349906000},"page":"582","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Thiol-Functionalized Covalent Organic Framework for Efficient Metal Ion Removal in Water Treatment"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Cristina","family":"Arqueros","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Kleinscale, Avenida Ciudad de Valencia S\/N Parque Comercial Vera Plaza, Vera-Playa, 04621 Almer\u00eda, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorena","family":"Welte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kleinscale, Avenida Ciudad de Valencia S\/N Parque Comercial Vera Plaza, Vera-Playa, 04621 Almer\u00eda, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4984-2973","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carmen","family":"Montoro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departament of Inorganic Chemistry, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7529-5120","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"F\u00e9lix","family":"Zamora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departament of Inorganic Chemistry, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10642","DOI":"10.1021\/ja103391k","article-title":"Rapid Release of Entrapped Contents from Multi-Functionalizable, Surface Cross-Linked Micelles upon Different Stimulation","volume":"132","author":"Zhang","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. 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