{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T14:55:45Z","timestamp":1789916145258,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,18]],"date-time":"2025-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755475200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nanomaterials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Selenium nanoparticles (Se NPs) were synthesized from Na2SeO3 using Foeniculum vulgare (fennel) seed extract as mild sustainable reductant, coated with chitosan (Ch), and loaded with Paclitaxel (PTX). The PTX release from the Se@Ch\u2013PTX NPs and their cytotoxicity against MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells was studied in view of an application as drug delivery platform. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed the thermal stability of the NPs up to 300 \u00b0C. UV\u2013vis absorption and Fourier transform IR (FT-IR) spectroscopy allowed to trace surface species originating from the F. vulgare extract on the Se NPs, while the surface of the Se@Ch\u2013PTX NPs is characterized from Ch and PTX functionalities. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed approximate spherical shaped NPs with sizes ranging from 10 to 40 nm. Zeta potential measurements showed a clear distinction between the \u221239 mV found the Se NPs and +57 mV for the Ch\u2013PTX coated NPs. The NPs showed good biocompatibility with red blood cells (RBCs) in hemolytic activity assays, exhibiting no hemolytic effects at concentrations ranging from 50 to 400 \u00b5g\/mL. In vitro release studies showed a sustained and pH-responsive release pattern with a maximum release of about 80% within 22 h for Se@Ch\u2013PTX at pH = 3.5. The Se@Ch\u2013PTX NPs showed high antiproliferative activity against MDA-MB-231 cells with an IC50 value of 12.3 \u00b5g\/mL compared to about 36 for PTX and 52 \u00b5g\/mL for the Se NPs. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) activity as studied through DPPH scavenging showed higher values for the Se@Ch\u2013PTX NPs compared to the Se NP.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nano15161276","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,18]],"date-time":"2025-08-18T15:34:53Z","timestamp":1755531293000},"page":"1276","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Green Synthesis of Chitosan-Coated Selenium Nanoparticles for Paclitaxel Delivery"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1153-1408","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mouhaned Y.","family":"Al-Darwesh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Materials, Crystal Chemistry and Applied Thermodynamics, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, El Manar II, Tunis 2092, Tunisia"},{"name":"Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Anbar, Ramadi 31001, Iraq"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maroua","family":"Manai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Transmission, Control and Immunobiology of Infections, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, 13 Place Pasteur, 1002 Tunis le Belvedere, Tunis 2092, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0726-7053","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hammouda","family":"Chebbi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Materials, Crystal Chemistry and Applied Thermodynamics, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, El Manar II, Tunis 2092, Tunisia"},{"name":"Preparatory Institute for Engineering Studies of Tunis, University of Tunis, Jawaharlal Nehru Street, 1089, Montfleury, Tunis 2092, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0093-9619","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Axel","family":"Klein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Inorganic and Materials Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Cologne, Greinstrasse 6, 50939 K\u00f6ln, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"e70187","article-title":"Breast Cancer Awareness, Screening Practices, and Perceived Barriers Among Female Undergraduate Students: An Institution-Based Cross-Sectional Study","volume":"8","author":"Hasan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cancer Rep."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Rezaei, N. 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