{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T16:32:22Z","timestamp":1793032342823,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,13]],"date-time":"2025-09-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757721600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004442","name":"National Science Centre","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UMO-2021\/41\/B\/NZ4\/04424"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UMO-2021\/41\/B\/NZ4\/04424"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004442","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nanomaterials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>With the spread of nanotechnology use in industry, exposure to nanomaterials is currently exponentially increasing. With reports indicating nanoparticles\u2019 ability to pass through key biological barriers\u2014gastrointestinal, lung, skin, blood-brain and the placenta barriers\u2014the question of their safety, particularly the risks associated with embryonic development, arises. The aim of this article is to verify the impact of ZnO nanoparticles, which are commonly used and considered to be safe for adult organisms on the developing embryo. In the current study, the influence of the dose and shape of ZnO nanoparticles (oval vs. long) was evaluated in the chicken embryo model. The oxidative stress (superoxide dismutase (SOD)) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) and carbonylated protein ((CP) levels), and gene expression changes (full genomic microarray study) were tested. We found that at both doses (10 \u00b5g\/mL and 100 \u00b5g\/mL, 100 \u00b5L into the air chamber) neither elongated nor oval ZnO nanoparticles changed in ovo mortality. Long ZnO nanoparticles had a lesser and more delayed impact on evaluated parameters, regardless of their higher in vitro toxicity. However, both nanoparticle forms induced changes in the oxidoreductive potential and affected expression of a significant number (1487 for oval and 548 for long ZnO nanoparticles) of identified genes during early embryo development.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nano15181412","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,15]],"date-time":"2025-09-15T07:56:51Z","timestamp":1757923011000},"page":"1412","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Affect the Genomic and Redox Status of Chicken Embryo\u2014Influence of Shape"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0337-5081","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bart\u0142omiej","family":"Dominiak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiological Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences\u2014SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julita","family":"Rosowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiological Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences\u2014SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland"},{"name":"Institute of Physics PAS, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Lotnik\u00f3w 32\/46, 02-668 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0018-8985","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Agnieszka","family":"Wal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences\u2014SGGW, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9815-7844","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alicja","family":"Majewska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiological Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences\u2014SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0108-6902","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bart\u0142omiej S.","family":"Witkowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Physics PAS, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Lotnik\u00f3w 32\/46, 02-668 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0428-4974","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u0141ukasz","family":"Wachnicki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Physics PAS, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Lotnik\u00f3w 32\/46, 02-668 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaros\u0142aw","family":"Kaszewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Physics PAS, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. 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Lotnik\u00f3w 32\/46, 02-668 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5479-207X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Micha\u0142 M.","family":"Godlewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiological Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences\u2014SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"European Commision (2022). Commission Recommendation of 10 June 2022 on the definition of nanomaterial (Text with EEA relevance) 2022\/C 229\/01. Off. J. Eur. 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