{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T09:57:32Z","timestamp":1781690252633,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781481600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007224","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology of Vietnam","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["\u0110T\u0110L.CN-32\/21"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["\u0110T\u0110L.CN-32\/21"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007224","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nanomaterials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Direct utilization of biomass-derived silica in neutral surfactant-templated mesoporous synthesis remains underexplored with respect to mesostructure control and functional integration. High-purity silica extracted from acid-treated rice husk ash (~98.4 wt% SiO2) was employed as the sole precursor in a fluoride-assisted sol\u2013gel route to synthesize MSU-X frameworks without chemical modification. Systematic parametric variation\u2014pH, Si\/surfactant ratio, hydrothermal temperature, and aging duration\u2014establishes quantitative structure\u2013processing correlations. Under optimized conditions (pH 2, Si\/Tergitol = 8, 60 \u00b0C, 96 h), the resulting material exhibits a wormhole-like mesoarchitecture with a BET surface area of 816 m2 g\u22121, mean pore diameter of ~3.6 nm, and three-dimensionally interconnected channels, confirmed by SAXS, TEM, and N2 sorption. EDXRF analysis confirms effective impurity removal and high silica incorporation efficiency (~95\u201396%); thermal stability persists to 700 \u00b0C, with incipient crystallization near 800 \u00b0C. As a functional demonstration, MSU-X served as an anti-agglomeration scaffold for ZIF-8 crystallization during DDT adsorption. Despite attenuated kinetics relative to pristine ZIF-8\u2014where severe agglomeration occludes active imidazole nodes\u2014the Z8\/MSU-X composite achieved near-quantitative DDT removal (74.10 mg g\u22121). This performance stems from the mesoporous matrix driving size-confined, highly dispersed ZIF-8 growth, thereby maximizing active-site exposure. Operating within a reagent-limited regime rather than a capacity-saturated boundary, this efficient depletion confirms that the scaffold successfully suppresses site loss. Ultimately, these findings validate biogenic silica as a directly integrable precursor for tailored mesostructure assembly, positioning agricultural waste as a high-performance feedstock for hierarchical adsorption architectures.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nano16120748","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T08:22:56Z","timestamp":1781684576000},"page":"748","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Biogenic Silica as a Direct Sol\u2013Gel Precursor for High-Efficiency MSU-X Mesostructure Assembly: Closing the Loop from Rice Husk Waste to Functional Wormhole Frameworks"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2082-6868","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ngo","family":"Ha-Son","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oil Refining and Petrochemistry, Hanoi Unversity of Mining and Geology, 18 Vien Street, Dong Ngac Ward, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam"},{"name":"AMCA Research Group, Hanoi University of Mining and Geology, 18 Vien Street, Dong Ngac Ward, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-2167-5720","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Le","family":"Van-Duong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AMCA Research Group, Hanoi University of Mining and Geology, 18 Vien Street, Dong Ngac Ward, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam"},{"name":"School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, 1 Dai Co Viet, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cong","family":"Ngoc-Thang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oil Refining and Petrochemistry, Hanoi Unversity of Mining and Geology, 18 Vien Street, Dong Ngac Ward, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam"},{"name":"AMCA Research Group, Hanoi University of Mining and Geology, 18 Vien Street, Dong Ngac Ward, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nguyen","family":"Thi-Linh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oil Refining and Petrochemistry, Hanoi Unversity of Mining and Geology, 18 Vien Street, Dong Ngac Ward, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam"},{"name":"AMCA Research Group, Hanoi University of Mining and Geology, 18 Vien Street, Dong Ngac Ward, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10834","DOI":"10.1021\/ja00053a020","article-title":"A new family of mesoporous molecular sieves prepared with liquid crystal templates","volume":"114","author":"Beck","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. 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