{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T05:21:06Z","timestamp":1788326466748,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788134400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["52302176"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52302176"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["52302176"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52302176"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Department of Science and Technology of Hunan Province","award":["2025JJ40049"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025JJ40049"]}]},{"name":"Department of Science and Technology of Hunan Province","award":["2023JJ40158"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023JJ40158"]}]},{"award":["2025JJ40049"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025JJ40049"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04qgr7x96","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["2023JJ40158"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023JJ40158"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04qgr7x96","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nanomaterials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Non-layered two-dimensional (2D) chromium-based chalcogenides have garnered significant attention due to their distinctive magnetic, electronic, and optical properties. In this work, we report the controllable synthesis of high-quality rhombohedral Cr2S3 nanosheets on mica substrates via an atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition (CVD) strategy. The as-grown rhombohedral Cr2S3 nanosheets exhibit pronounced optical second-harmonic generation (SHG) signals, which show thickness-dependent enhancement and a strong dependence on both the linear excitation and detection polarization configurations. Most notably, temperature-dependent SHG measurements reveal a distinct inflection point near the N\u00e9el temperature (TN \u2248 120 K), where the SHG intensity exhibits a sharp enhancement upon cooling below TN. This behavior arises from the additional magnetic dipole contributions activated by magnetic ordering, establishing SHG as a sensitive probe of magnetic phase transitions in non-layered 2D magnetic materials. Furthermore, circularly polarized SHG signals exhibit nearly 100% circular polarization at low temperatures. This work systematically elucidates the nonlinear optical response characteristics of rhombohedral Cr2S3 and their correlation with magnetic ordering transitions, laying an experimental foundation for the application of 2D non-van der Waals magnetic materials in nonlinear optoelectronics and spin-optoelectronic devices.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nano16171088","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T01:05:26Z","timestamp":1788224726000},"page":"1088","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Controllable Chemical Vapor Deposition Synthesis and Second-Harmonic Generation of Rhombohedral Cr2S3"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-7443-4812","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Danliang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control of Ministry of Education, Hunan Research Center of the Basic Discipline for Quantum Effects and Quantum Technologies, School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"resources","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"supervision","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"visualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"data-curation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-original-draft","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"formal-analysis","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"funding-acquisition","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"project-administration","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"validation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"software","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Peiran","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control of Ministry of Education, Hunan Research Center of the Basic Discipline for Quantum Effects and Quantum Technologies, School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"formal-analysis","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"data-curation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Sihan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control of Ministry of Education, Hunan Research Center of the Basic Discipline for Quantum Effects and Quantum Technologies, School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"data-curation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"formal-analysis","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1652-0049","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qing","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Pulsed Power Laser Technology, Key Laboratory of Electronic Restriction of Anhui Province, National University of Defense Technology, Advanced Laser Technology Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei 230037, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"formal-analysis","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"supervision","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-0006-3274","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ying","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Pulsed Power Laser Technology, Key Laboratory of Electronic Restriction of Anhui Province, National University of Defense Technology, Advanced Laser Technology Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei 230037, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"supervision","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"formal-analysis","vocabulary":"credit"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1038\/s42254-019-0110-y","article-title":"Probing and controlling magnetic states in 2D layered magnetic materials","volume":"1","author":"Mak","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. 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