{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T07:08:47Z","timestamp":1774422527623,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,25]],"date-time":"2018-02-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1519516800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nanomaterials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study investigates the antibacterial activity (ABA) of suspensions of pure ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) and mesoporous silica doped with ZnO (ZnO-UVM7), as well as electrospun nanofibers containing those nanoparticles. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of these two materials were also determined under the same conditions. The results showed a concentration-dependent effect of antibacterial nanoparticles on the viability of Escherichia coli (E. coli). Moreover, the combination of the stimulations and sterilization considerably enhanced the antimicrobial activity (AMA) of the ZnO suspensions. Poly (lactic acid) (PLA) solutions in 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol (TFE) were mixed with different contents of nanoparticles and spun into nonwoven mats by the electrospinning process. The morphology of the mats was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The amount of nanoparticles contained in the mats was determined by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The obtained PLA-based mats showed a fibrous morphology, with an average diameter ranging from 350 to 450 nm, a porosity above 85%, but with the nanoparticles agglomeration on their surface. TGA analysis showed that the loss of ZnO-NPs increased with the increase of ZnO-NPs content in the PLA solutions and reached 79% for 1 wt % of ZnO-NPs, which was mainly due to the aggregation of nanoparticles in solution. The ABA of the obtained PLA mats was evaluated by the dynamic method according to the ASTM standard E2149. The results showed that, above an optimal concentration, the nanoparticle agglomeration reduced the antimicrobial efficiency of PLA mats. These mats have potential features for use as antimicrobial food packaging material.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nano8030129","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,27]],"date-time":"2018-02-27T03:36:12Z","timestamp":1519702572000},"page":"129","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Combined Effect of Ultrasound Stimulations and Autoclaving on the Enhancement of Antibacterial Activity of ZnO and SiO2\/ZnO Nanoparticles"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Hajer","family":"Rokbani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"3SPack, CREPEC, Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnique Montr\u00e9al, P.O. Box 6079, Station Centre-Ville, Montreal, QC H3C 3A7, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6847-4729","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"France","family":"Daigle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Pavillon Roger-Gaudry, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, P.O. Box 6128, Station Centre-ville, Montr\u00e9al, QC H3C 3J7, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abdellah","family":"Ajji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3SPack, CREPEC, Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnique Montr\u00e9al, P.O. Box 6079, Station Centre-Ville, Montreal, QC H3C 3A7, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R1477","DOI":"10.1111\/1750-3841.12534","article-title":"A review of poly (lactic acid)-based materials for antimicrobial packaging","volume":"79","author":"Tawakkal","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Food Sci."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1007\/s13233-010-0316-4","article-title":"Electrospinning of polylactide fibers containing silver nanoparticles","volume":"18","author":"Kim","year":"2010","journal-title":"Macromol. Res."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1016\/0278-6915(94)00145-E","article-title":"Safety assessment of polylactide (pla) for use as a food-contact polymer","volume":"33","author":"Conn","year":"1995","journal-title":"Food Chem. 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