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When damaged, cells in the liver can regenerate themselves to maintain normal liver physiology. However, some damage is beyond repair, which necessitates liver transplantation. Increasing rates of obesity, Western diets (i.e., rich in processed carbohydrates and saturated fats), and cardiometabolic diseases are interlinked to liver diseases, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which is a collective term to describe the excess accumulation of fat in the liver of people who drink little to no alcohol. Alarmingly, the prevalence of NAFLD extends to 25% of the world population, which calls for the urgent need to understand the disease mechanism of NAFLD. Here, we performed secondary analyses of published RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data of NAFLD patients compared to healthy and obese individuals to identify long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) that may underly the disease mechanism of NAFLD. Similar to protein-coding genes, many lncRNAs are dysregulated in NAFLD patients compared to healthy and obese individuals, suggesting that understanding the functions of dysregulated lncRNAs may shed light on the pathology of NAFLD. To demonstrate the functional importance of lncRNAs in the liver, loss-of-function experiments were performed for one NAFLD-related lncRNA, LINC01639, which showed that it is involved in the regulation of genes related to apoptosis, TNF\/TGF, cytokine signaling, and growth factors as well as genes upregulated in NAFLD. Since there is no lncRNA database focused on the liver, especially NAFLD, we built a web database, LiverDB, to further facilitate functional and mechanistic studies of hepatic lncRNAs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ncrna8040056","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,25]],"date-time":"2022-07-25T01:42:13Z","timestamp":1658713333000},"page":"56","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Systematic Analysis of Long Non-Coding RNA Genes in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7992-8885","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mirolyuba","family":"Ilieva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for RNA Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, DK-2450 Copenhagen SV, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2596-9531","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James","family":"Dao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bioinformatics Research Network, Atlanta, GA 30317, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3756-3918","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Henry E.","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bioinformatics Research Network, Atlanta, GA 30317, USA"},{"name":"Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA"},{"name":"Greehey Children\u2019s Cancer Research Institute, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jens Hedelund","family":"Madsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for RNA Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, DK-2450 Copenhagen SV, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5742-4387","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander J. R.","family":"Bishop","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA"},{"name":"Greehey Children\u2019s Cancer Research Institute, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA"},{"name":"May\u2019s Cancer Center, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sakari","family":"Kauppinen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for RNA Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, DK-2450 Copenhagen SV, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4787-8067","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shizuka","family":"Uchida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for RNA Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, DK-2450 Copenhagen SV, Denmark"},{"name":"Bioinformatics Research Network, Atlanta, GA 30317, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1190","DOI":"10.1089\/hum.2019.140","article-title":"Genetic-Based Approaches to Inherited Metabolic Liver Diseases","volume":"30","author":"Zabaleta","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hum. 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