{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T15:55:29Z","timestamp":1783698929899,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,18]],"date-time":"2023-11-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1700265600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ncRNA"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Objectives: microRNAs (miRNAs) present in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of patients with chronic periodontitis may serve as biomarkers of periodontal disease. The aim of this study was to perform a miRNA-sequencing study of all miRNAs present in GCF, comparing miRNA expression level profiles between advanced chronic periodontitis (CP) patients and healthy subjects (HS). Materials and methods: GCF samples were collected from the single-rooted teeth of patients with severe CP (n = 11) and of HS (n = 12). miRNAs were isolated from GCF using an miRNeasy Serum\/Plasma kit(Qiagen GmbH, Hilden, Germany). Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to determine the expression levels of miRNA candidates involved in periodontal pathogenesis. Results: Of all the sequenced miRNAs, miR-199, miR-146a, miR-30a, and miR-338 were identified as best representing the CP patient samples. The validation study identified miR-199 as the most powerful biomarker used to define periodontitis. Conclusions: Upon sequencing all known miRNAs in GCF for the first time, we uncovered several potential biomarkers to define periodontitis. Identifying miRNAS in the GCF using high-throughput approaches will clarify the role of these molecules in periodontitis and provide biomarkers with potential applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ncrna9060073","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,18]],"date-time":"2023-11-18T07:33:18Z","timestamp":1700292798000},"page":"73","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["MicroRNAs in Gingival Crevicular Fluid: An Observational Case-Control Study of Differential Expression in Periodontitis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Pedro J.","family":"Almi\u00f1ana-Pastor","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francisco M.","family":"Alpiste-Illueca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pablo","family":"Mic\u00f3-Martinez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7547-7872","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jose Luis","family":"Garc\u00eda-Gim\u00e9nez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, Consortium Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases, CIBERER-ISCIII, 46010 Valencia, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eva","family":"Garc\u00eda-L\u00f3pez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9s","family":"L\u00f3pez-Rold\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1809","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67728-8","article-title":"Periodontal diseases","volume":"366","author":"Pihlstrom","year":"2005","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3785","article-title":"Periodontitis: From microbial immune subversion to systemic inflammation","volume":"15","author":"Hajishengallis","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. 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