{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T02:40:26Z","timestamp":1760150426514,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,29]],"date-time":"2023-11-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701216000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Practical Research Project for Rare\/Intractable Diseases of the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development","award":["JP23ek0109529h0003","JP23ek0109548s0103","JPMH22FC1013","JP22H02987"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP23ek0109529h0003","JP23ek0109548s0103","JPMH22FC1013","JP22H02987"]}]},{"name":"Rare and Intractable Diseases from the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan","award":["JP23ek0109529h0003","JP23ek0109548s0103","JPMH22FC1013","JP22H02987"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP23ek0109529h0003","JP23ek0109548s0103","JPMH22FC1013","JP22H02987"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) KAKENHI","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP23ek0109529h0003","JP23ek0109548s0103","JPMH22FC1013","JP22H02987"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP23ek0109529h0003","JP23ek0109548s0103","JPMH22FC1013","JP22H02987"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neurology International"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The Clinical Rating Scale for Tremor (CRST) is commonly used to evaluate essential tremor (ET) during focused ultrasound (FUS) thalamotomy. However, it faces challenges such as the ceiling effect and test\u2013retest variability. This study explored the utility of videographic motion analysis as an evaluation index for ET. Forty-three patients with ET performed postural tremor and line-drawing tasks recorded on video, and the data were analyzed using motion analysis software. The test\u2013retest and inter-rater reliability, correlations with the CRST and tremor scores, and pre\/post-FUS treatment comparisons were analyzed. The video motion analysis showed excellent test\u2013retest and inter-rater reliability. In the postural tremor tasks, video parameter amplitude significantly correlated with the CRST and tremor scores. Similarly, for the line-drawing task, video parameter amplitude showed significant correlations with CRST and tremor scores, effectively addressing the ceiling effect. Regarding post-FUS treatment improvements, changes in the CRST and tremor scores were significantly associated with changes in video parameter amplitude. In conclusion, quantitative analysis of the video motion of ET enables precise evaluation of kinematic characteristics and effectively resolves the ceiling effect and test\u2013retest variability. The video motion analysis score accurately reflected the tremor severity and treatment effects, demonstrating its high clinical utility.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/neurolint15040091","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,29]],"date-time":"2023-11-29T03:53:52Z","timestamp":1701230032000},"page":"1411-1422","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Video Motion Analysis as a Quantitative Evaluation Tool for Essential Tremor during Magnetic Resonance-Guided Focused Ultrasound Thalamotomy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Mayumi","family":"Kaburagi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa 216-8511, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Shin-Yurigaoka General Hospital, Kanagawa 215-0026, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2231-5009","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Futaba","family":"Maki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa 216-8511, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Shin-Yurigaoka General Hospital, Kanagawa 215-0026, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sakae","family":"Hino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa 216-8511, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Shin-Yurigaoka General Hospital, Kanagawa 215-0026, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5021-9313","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masayuki","family":"Nakano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Shin-Yurigaoka General Hospital, Kanagawa 215-0026, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Toshio","family":"Yamaguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute for Diagnostic Radiology, Shin-Yurigaoka General Hospital, Kanagawa 215-0026, Japan"},{"name":"International Academia for Focused Ultrasound Therapy, Kanagawa 215-0023, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masahito","family":"Takasaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Shin-Yurigaoka General Hospital, Kanagawa 215-0026, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9970-6331","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hirokazu","family":"Iwamuro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ken","family":"Iijima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Saitama Sekishinkai Hospital, Saitama 350-1305, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jinichi","family":"Sasanuma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Shin-Yurigaoka General Hospital, Kanagawa 215-0026, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kazuo","family":"Watanabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Shin-Yurigaoka General Hospital, Kanagawa 215-0026, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3200-376X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yasuhiro","family":"Hasegawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa 216-8511, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Shin-Yurigaoka General Hospital, Kanagawa 215-0026, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshihisa","family":"Yamano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa 216-8511, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.22838","article-title":"How common is the most common adult movement disorder? 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