{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,17]],"date-time":"2026-01-17T23:38:18Z","timestamp":1768693098655,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,13]],"date-time":"2025-01-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736726400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neurology International"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: This study aims to analyze potential risk factors that may influence the clinical outcomes following surgical treatment of traumatic peroneal nerve lesions. Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients with traumatic peroneal nerve injuries treated with decompression, split repair, or nerve grafting between 2010 and 2020. Motor function and potential risk factors were evaluated. Results: Out of 93 patients, 42 (45%) underwent decompression, 15 (16%) received split repair, and 36 (39%) required autologous nerve grafting. Up to one year after surgery, weakness of the anterior tibial muscle improved from a median of M0 to M3. After one year following nerve decompression, functional recovery was observed in 28 (65%) cases, in 9 (21%) cases after split repair, and in 7 (16%) cases following autologous nerve grafting. A defect greater than 8 cm was associated with significantly poorer improvement of extensor hallucis longus (p = 0.037, HR 0.109). We found no significant associations between age, diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, obesity, and postoperative outcomes. Conclusions: According to the present data, a significant number of patients achieved functional improvement following surgical treatment, indicating that this procedure should be considered an important treatment option in selected cases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/neurolint17010007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,13]],"date-time":"2025-01-13T11:31:31Z","timestamp":1736767891000},"page":"7","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Clinical Outcome After Surgical Treatment of Traumatic Peroneal Nerve Injury: An Analysis of Risk Factors After Different Surgical Approaches"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Daniel N.","family":"Werkmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Ulm, BKH G\u00fcnzburg, Lindenallee 2, 89312 G\u00fcnzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5215-8377","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ute M.","family":"B\u00e4zner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Ulm, BKH G\u00fcnzburg, Lindenallee 2, 89312 G\u00fcnzburg, Germany"},{"name":"Peripheral Nerve Unit, Department of Neurosurgery, BKH G\u00fcnzburg at Ulm University, Lindenallee 2, 89312 G\u00fcnzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Petkov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Ulm, BKH G\u00fcnzburg, Lindenallee 2, 89312 G\u00fcnzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lena","family":"Minzenmay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Ulm, BKH G\u00fcnzburg, Lindenallee 2, 89312 G\u00fcnzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9018-2458","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gregor","family":"Durner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Ulm, BKH G\u00fcnzburg, Lindenallee 2, 89312 G\u00fcnzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gregor","family":"Antoniadis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peripheral Nerve Unit, Department of Neurosurgery, BKH G\u00fcnzburg at Ulm University, Lindenallee 2, 89312 G\u00fcnzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christian R.","family":"Wirtz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Ulm, BKH G\u00fcnzburg, Lindenallee 2, 89312 G\u00fcnzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria T.","family":"Pedro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peripheral Nerve Unit, Department of Neurosurgery, BKH G\u00fcnzburg at Ulm University, Lindenallee 2, 89312 G\u00fcnzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Knoll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Ulm, BKH G\u00fcnzburg, Lindenallee 2, 89312 G\u00fcnzburg, Germany"},{"name":"Peripheral Nerve Unit, Department of Neurosurgery, BKH G\u00fcnzburg at Ulm University, Lindenallee 2, 89312 G\u00fcnzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6653-701X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrej","family":"Pala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Ulm, BKH G\u00fcnzburg, Lindenallee 2, 89312 G\u00fcnzburg, Germany"},{"name":"Peripheral Nerve Unit, Department of Neurosurgery, BKH G\u00fcnzburg at Ulm University, Lindenallee 2, 89312 G\u00fcnzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1186\/s13049-018-0502-5","article-title":"Nerve trauma of the lower extremity: Evaluation of 60,422 leg injured patients from the TraumaRegister DGU\u00ae between 2002 and 2015","volume":"26","author":"Huckhagel","year":"2018","journal-title":"Scand. 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