{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T06:02:00Z","timestamp":1781848920633,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,7]],"date-time":"2024-12-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733529600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003141","name":"Conahcyt Fellowship","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1101287"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1101287"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003141","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["NeuroSci"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Exposure to valproic acid (VPA) during embryogenesis has become a valuable tool for modeling neurodevelopmental disorders in animal models such as zebrafish (Danio rerio). This article examines the effects of embryonic exposure to VPA in zebrafish on the basis of 39 articles sourced from PubMed and Google Scholar. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to elucidate the common impacts of VPA exposure and reported that VPA significantly altered development at various levels. Behaviorally, zebrafish exposed to VPA exhibit notable changes in their social interaction patterns. Physiologically, VPA exposure leads to significant alterations, including decreased heart rates, increased mortality rates, and pronounced morphological abnormalities. Pharmacological exposure has been linked to neuroanatomical and neurochemical changes. At the genetic level, VPA exposure is associated with the differential expression of genes involved in neurodevelopment and neuronal function. The synthesized data from these studies underscore the utility of zebrafish as a model organism for investigating the effects of teratogen exposure on neurodevelopment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/neurosci5040046","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,9]],"date-time":"2024-12-09T11:16:48Z","timestamp":1733743008000},"page":"650-665","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Effects of Valproic Acid Embryonic Exposure on Zebrafish: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Bernardo","family":"Flores-Prieto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigaciones Cerebrales, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa 91070, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8659-4759","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jorge","family":"Manzo-Denes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigaciones Cerebrales, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa 91070, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1617-5636","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda Elena","family":"Hern\u00e1ndez-Aguilar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigaciones Cerebrales, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa 91070, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1663-836X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Genaro Alfonso","family":"Coria-Avila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigaciones Cerebrales, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa 91070, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5752-4700","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Deissy","family":"Herrera-Covarrubias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigaciones Cerebrales, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa 91070, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8519-5473","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gonzalo Emiliano","family":"Aranda-Abreu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigaciones Cerebrales, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa 91070, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4497-0909","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fausto","family":"Rojas-Dur\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigaciones Cerebrales, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa 91070, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9724-3281","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C\u00e9sar Antonio","family":"P\u00e9rez-Estudillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigaciones Cerebrales, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa 91070, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6676-5143","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jorge","family":"Su\u00e1rez-Medell\u00edn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigaciones Cerebrales, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa 91070, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1273-4944","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda Rebeca","family":"Toledo-C\u00e1rdenas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigaciones Cerebrales, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa 91070, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111322","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2021.111322","article-title":"Emerging mechanisms of valproic acid-induced neurotoxic events in autism and its implications for pharmacological treatment","volume":"137","author":"Taleb","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biomed. 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