{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T11:39:29Z","timestamp":1783424369893,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]],"date-time":"2025-10-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760659200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Danish Multiple Sclerosis Society, The Lundbeck Foundation","award":["R198-2015-171"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R198-2015-171"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008270","name":"Warwara Larsens Fond","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008270","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"University of Southern Denmark Health Sciences Faculty"},{"name":"Bjarne Jensens Fond"},{"name":"Fonden for l\u00e6gevidenskabelige fremme"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007403","name":"Dagmar Marshalls Fond","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007403","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007438","name":"Familien Hede Nielsens Fond","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007438","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["NeuroSci"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) is a cytosolic DNA sensor that activates type I interferon (IFN) signaling, which plays a key role in neuroinflammation. Although the role of STING in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a model of multiple sclerosis (MS), remains debated, its involvement in the development of CNS lesions, particularly within localized pathology, modeled here by targeting the corpus callosum, has yet to be explored. Using a focal EAE model, we compared the induction of lesions in wild-type and STING-deficient (STINGgt\/gt) mice. Lesions were analyzed by immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry, and transcriptomics. STING-deficient mice had significantly larger demyelinated lesions, reduced ISG expression, and modified immune cell infiltration. STING signaling limits lesion severity in focal EAE by promoting IFN responses and regulating immune infiltration. These findings position STING as a potential target for MS therapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/neurosci6040106","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]],"date-time":"2025-10-17T10:28:36Z","timestamp":1760696916000},"page":"106","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["STING Signaling Deficiency Exacerbates Demyelination and Immune Infiltration in Focal EAE Lesions"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Marlene T.","family":"M\u00f8rch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurobiology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense M, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8317-0886","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Line S.","family":"Reinert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedicine, University of Aarhus, H\u00f8egh-Guldbergs Gade 10, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark"},{"name":"Aarhus Research Center for Innate Immunology, University of Aarhus, H\u00f8egh-Guldbergs Gade 10, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anouk","family":"Benmamar-Badel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurobiology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense M, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4521-0410","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Magdalena","family":"Dubik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurobiology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense M, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3782-5933","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mark","family":"Burton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, J.B. Winslows Vej 4, Entrance 24, 5000 Odense, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mads","family":"Thomassen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, J.B. Winslows Vej 4, Entrance 24, 5000 Odense, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Torben","family":"Kruse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, J.B. Winslows Vej 4, Entrance 24, 5000 Odense, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nasrin","family":"Asgari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurobiology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense M, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Slagelse Hospital, Institute of Regional Health Research, F\u00e6lledvej 13, 4200 Slagelse, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S\u00f8ren R.","family":"Paludan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedicine, University of Aarhus, H\u00f8egh-Guldbergs Gade 10, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark"},{"name":"Aarhus Research Center for Innate Immunology, University of Aarhus, H\u00f8egh-Guldbergs Gade 10, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9315-6036","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Trevor","family":"Owens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurobiology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense M, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6164-4972","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Reza","family":"Khorooshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurobiology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense M, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2010.01.022","article-title":"Pattern recognition receptors and inflammation","volume":"140","author":"Takeuchi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"870","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2013.05.004","article-title":"Immune sensing of DNA","volume":"38","author":"Paludan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7505","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.177.11.7505","article-title":"Cutting Edge: TLR3 stimulation suppresses experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by inducing endogenous IFN-beta","volume":"177","author":"Touil","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. 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Dis."}],"container-title":["NeuroSci"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2673-4087\/6\/4\/106\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,19]],"date-time":"2025-10-19T04:19:07Z","timestamp":1760847547000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2673-4087\/6\/4\/106"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["neurosci6040106"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/neurosci6040106","relation":{},"ISSN":["2673-4087"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2673-4087","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]]}}}