{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T07:45:56Z","timestamp":1761896756511,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,20]],"date-time":"2018-02-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1519084800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>With obesity being a leading cause of preventable death, it is vital to understand how best to identify individuals with greater risk of metabolic disease, especially those with high visceral adipose tissue (VAT). This study aimed to determine whether three commonly used waist circumference (WC) measurement sites could provide accurate estimations of VAT, as determined by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which is a gold standard for measuring VAT, in postmenopausal women with obesity. VAT volume was measured by MRI of the total abdomen in 97 women aged 57.7 \u00b1 0.4 years (mean \u00b1 SEM), mean body mass index 34.5 \u00b1 0.2 kg\/m2. WC was measured at the midpoint between the lowest rib and the iliac crest (WCmid), the narrowest point of the torso (WCnarrow), and at the level of the umbilicus (WCumbilicus). WC differed significantly according to measurement site, with WCnarrow (102.1 \u00b1 0.7 cm) &lt; WCmid (108.3 \u00b1 0.7 cm) &lt; WCumbilicus (115.7 \u00b1 0.8 cm) (p &lt; 0.001). WCmid, WCnarrow and WCumbilicus were all significantly correlated with VAT, as measured by MRI (r = 0.581, 0.563 and 0.390, respectively; p &lt; 0.001 for all), but the relationships between WCmid or WCnarrow and VAT determined by MRI were stronger than for WCumbilicus. Measurement of either WCmid or WCnarrow provides valid estimates of VAT in postmenopausal women with obesity, with WCnarrow being favoured in light of its greater ease and speed of measurement in this population.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu10020239","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,20]],"date-time":"2018-02-20T10:32:45Z","timestamp":1519122765000},"page":"239","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Less Waste on Waist Measurements: Determination of Optimal Waist Circumference Measurement Site to Predict Visceral Adipose Tissue in Postmenopausal Women with Obesity"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3903-4801","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Radhika V.","family":"Seimon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Boden Institute of Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise &amp; Eating Disorders, Sydney Medical School, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anthony L.","family":"Wild-Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Boden Institute of Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise &amp; Eating Disorders, Sydney Medical School, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8750-9720","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alice A.","family":"Gibson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Boden Institute of Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise &amp; Eating Disorders, Sydney Medical School, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7444-1886","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claudia","family":"Harper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Boden Institute of Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise &amp; Eating Disorders, Sydney Medical School, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sally","family":"McClintock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Boden Institute of Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise &amp; Eating Disorders, Sydney Medical School, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hamish A.","family":"Fernando","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Boden Institute of Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise &amp; Eating Disorders, Sydney Medical School, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michelle S. H.","family":"Hsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Boden Institute of Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise &amp; Eating Disorders, Sydney Medical School, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2088-4099","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Felipe Q.","family":"Da Luz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Boden Institute of Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise &amp; Eating Disorders, Sydney Medical School, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia"},{"name":"School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5357-2721","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shelley E.","family":"Keating","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, Centre for Research on Exercise, Physical Activity and Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nathan A.","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Boden Institute of Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise &amp; Eating Disorders, Sydney Medical School, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia"},{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stuart M.","family":"Grieve","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sydney Translational Imaging Laboratory, Heart Research Institute, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Radiology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tania P.","family":"Markovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Boden Institute of Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise &amp; Eating Disorders, Sydney Medical School, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia"},{"name":"Metabolism &amp; Obesity Services, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6139-3632","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ian D.","family":"Caterson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Boden Institute of Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise &amp; Eating Disorders, Sydney Medical School, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5310-6640","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nuala M.","family":"Byrne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS 7250, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9176-1574","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amanda","family":"Sainsbury","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Boden Institute of Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise &amp; Eating Disorders, Sydney Medical School, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia"},{"name":"School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1431","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2008.102","article-title":"Global burden of obesity in 2005 and projections to 2030","volume":"32","author":"Kelly","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int. 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