{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:59:15Z","timestamp":1787029155271,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,21]],"date-time":"2018-03-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1521590400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004191","name":"Novo Nordisk","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Number Project: 1295. Cities Changing Diabetes"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Number Project: 1295. Cities Changing Diabetes"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004191","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"NIH-Fogarty","award":["NIH-Fogarty RO3 TW009061"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NIH-Fogarty RO3 TW009061"]}]},{"name":"United States National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","award":["R44DK103377"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R44DK103377"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Diet and inflammation are both associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In the present study, we aimed to assess the relation between the dietary inflammatory index (DII) and the presence of T2DM in Mexican adults participating in the Diabetes Mellitus Survey administered in Mexico City (DMS-MC). The study involved 1174 subjects (48.5% men) between 20\u201369 years of age. A validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire was employed to evaluate dietary intake and to compute DII. The DII is based on scientific evidence about the association between dietary compounds and six established inflammatory biomarkers. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) of DII in relation to T2DM. Our results suggest that subjects in the highest quintile of the DII had higher odds of T2DM (OR = 3.02; 95% CI: 1.39, 6.58; p = 0.005) compared to subjects in the lowest quintile of DII scores. Assessing possible effect modification, an association with T2DM was evident when comparing DII quintile 5 to quintile 1 for participants aged \u2265 55 years (OR = 9.77; 95% CI: 3.78, 25.50; p = 0.001). These results suggest that a pro-inflammatory diet is associated with significantly higher odds of T2DM among adult Mexicans.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu10040385","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,22]],"date-time":"2018-03-22T05:14:55Z","timestamp":1521695695000},"page":"385","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":106,"title":["Dietary Inflammatory Index and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Adults: The Diabetes Mellitus Survey of Mexico City"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9671-9682","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edgar","family":"Denova-Guti\u00e9rrez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutrition and Health Research Center, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca 62100, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paloma","family":"Mu\u00f1oz-Aguirre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Research on Population Health , National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca 62100, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nitin","family":"Shivappa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA"},{"name":"Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, SC 29250, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James","family":"H\u00e9bert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA"},{"name":"Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, SC 29250, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2400-8675","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lizbeth","family":"Tolentino-Mayo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutrition and Health Research Center, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca 62100, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2823-6651","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carolina","family":"Batis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CONACYT-Nutrition and Health Research Center, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca 62100, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1854-4615","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sim\u00f3n","family":"Barquera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutrition and Health Research Center, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca 62100, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114509377867","article-title":"Inflammatory disease processes and interactions with nutrition","volume":"101","author":"Calder","year":"2009","journal-title":"Br. 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