{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]],"date-time":"2025-11-13T12:33:20Z","timestamp":1763037200941,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,3]],"date-time":"2018-06-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1527984000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001583","name":"Diabetes Action Research and Education Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SKM"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SKM"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001583","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Although low-calorie diets (LCD) improve glucose regulation, it is unclear if interval exercise (INT) is additive. We examined the impact of an LCD versus LCD + INT training on \u00df-cell function in relation to glucose tolerance in obese adults. Twenty-six adults (Age: 46 \u00b1 12 year; BMI 38 \u00b1 6 kg\/m2) were randomized to 2-week of LCD (~1200 kcal\/day) or energy-matched LCD + INT (60 min\/day alternating 3 min at 90 and 50% HRpeak). A 2 h 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed. Insulin secretion rates (ISR) were determined by deconvolution modeling to assess glucose-stimulated insulin secretion ([GSIS: ISR\/glucose total area under the curve (tAUC)]) and \u00df-cell function (Disposition Index [DI: GSIS\/IR]) relative to skeletal muscle (Matsuda Index), hepatic (HOMA-IR) and adipose (Adipose-IRfasting) insulin resistance (IR). LCD + INT, but not LCD alone, reduced glucose and total-phase ISR tAUC (Interactions: p = 0.04 and p = 0.05, respectively). Both interventions improved skeletal muscle IR by 16% (p = 0.04) and skeletal muscle and hepatic DI (Time: p &lt; 0.05). Improved skeletal muscle DI was associated with lower glucose tAUC (r = \u22120.57, p &lt; 0.01). Thus, LCD + INT improved glucose tolerance more than LCD in obese adults, and these findings relate to \u00df-cell function. These data support LCD + INT for preserving pancreatic function for type 2 diabetes prevention.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu10060717","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,4]],"date-time":"2018-06-04T08:59:41Z","timestamp":1528102781000},"page":"717","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Combining Short-Term Interval Training with Caloric Restriction Improves \u00df-Cell Function in Obese Adults"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Monique E.","family":"Francois","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Kinesiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicole M.","family":"Gilbertson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Kinesiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3515-6649","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natalie Z. M.","family":"Eichner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Kinesiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emily M.","family":"Heiston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Kinesiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Fabris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Diabetes Technology, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marc","family":"Breton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Diabetes Technology, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. Hunter","family":"Mehaffey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3015-4126","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Taryn","family":"Hassinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter T.","family":"Hallowell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Steven K.","family":"Malin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Kinesiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA"},{"name":"Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA"},{"name":"Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"840","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05482","article-title":"Mechanisms linking obesity to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes","volume":"444","author":"Kahn","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"WHO (2018, April 28). Obesity and Overweight factsheet from the WHO. Health. Available online: http:\/\/www.who.int\/mediacentre\/factsheets\/fs311\/en\/index.html."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI7231","article-title":"The natural history of insulin secretory dysfunction and insulin resistance in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"104","author":"Weyer","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Clin. 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