{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T21:25:44Z","timestamp":1785878744634,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,21]],"date-time":"2018-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1532131200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Previous studies have documented mild to moderate iodine deficiency in pregnant and lactating women in Norway. This study focused on non-pregnant young women because their future children may be susceptible to the adverse effects of iodine deficiency. We assessed urinary iodine concentration (UIC), iodine intake from food and supplements, and iodine knowledge in 403 non-pregnant women, mainly students, aged 18\u201330 years. Iodine concentration was measured in spot urine samples analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and iodine intake was calculated from a self-reported food frequency questionnaire. Knowledge about iodine was collected through the self-administered, paper-based questionnaire. Median (p25\u2013p75) UIC was 75 (42\u2013130) \u00b5g\/L and 31% had UIC &lt; 50 \u00b5g\/L. Habitual iodine intake was 100 (69\u2013136) \u00b5g\/day. In multiple regression models, supplemental iodine, use of thyroid medication, and iodine intake from food were positively associated with UIC, while vegetarian practice was negatively associated, explaining 16% of the variance. Approximately 40% of the young women had low iodine knowledge score and no differences were found between women in different study programs. Young women in Norway are mild to moderately iodine-deficient, and public health strategies are needed to improve and secure adequate iodine status.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu10070941","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,24]],"date-time":"2018-07-24T02:58:56Z","timestamp":1532401136000},"page":"941","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Suboptimal Iodine Status and Low Iodine Knowledge in Young Norwegian Women"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0671-2688","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sigrun","family":"Henjum","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health Sciences, OsloMet\u2014Oslo Metropolitan University, 0310 Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6315-7134","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anne Lise","family":"Brants\u00e6ter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infection Control and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, 0403 Oslo , Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Astrid","family":"Kurniasari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health Sciences, OsloMet\u2014Oslo Metropolitan University, 0310 Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9453-9821","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lisbeth","family":"Dahl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Marine Research (IMR), P.O. Box 1870 Nordnes, 5817 Bergen, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eli Kristin","family":"Aadland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Education, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, 5063 Bergen, Norway, <email>Eli.Kristin.Aadland@hvl.no<\/email>"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7771-0153","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elin Lovise Folven","family":"Gjengedal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Aas 1433, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susanne","family":"Birkeland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Aas 1433, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Inger","family":"Aakre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Marine Research (IMR), P.O. Box 1870 Nordnes, 5817 Bergen, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"WHO, UNICEF, and ICCIDD (2007). Assessment of Iodine Deficiency Disorders and Monitoring Their Elimination, World Health Organization."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pearce, E.N. (2017). Assessment of Population Iodine Status. 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