{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,28]],"date-time":"2026-03-28T04:27:53Z","timestamp":1774672073013,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,4]],"date-time":"2018-08-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1533340800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Fondazione IRCCS Ca\u2019 Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico and Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy, and Italy\u2019s Ministry of Health and Lombardy\u2019s Regional Government Autority","award":["2011-02348234"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2011-02348234"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.mdpi.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A subset of patients with celiac disease (CD) on a gluten-free diet (GFD) reported the persistence of functional gastrointestinal disorders. Foods containing fermentable, oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols (FODMAP) can trigger a broad range of gastrointestinal symptoms in sensitive individuals. We evaluated the effects of a low FODMAP diet (LFD) on gastrointestinal and psychological symptomatology in CD patients. A total of 50 celiac patients on GFDs and with persistence of gastrointestinal symptoms were included. The patients were randomly allocated to one of two dietary groups\u2014one on a low FODMAP GFD (LF-GFD, n = 25) and the other on a regular GFD (R-GFD, n = 25)\u2014for 21 days. Psychological symptomatology and quality of life were evaluated by the Symptom Checklist-90-R (SCL-90) and the Short Form (36) Health Survey (SF-36) questionnaires, respectively. Gastrointestinal symptomatology and general well-being were evaluated by visual analogue scale (VAS) scores. After 21 days, 21 and 23 patients completed the dietary treatment on LF-GFD and R-GFD, respectively. A reduced global SCL-90 index (p &lt; 0.0003) was found in the LF-GFD group but not in the R-GFD one. However, the SF-36 scores did not differ between groups after treatment. The VAS for abdominal pain was much lower, and the VAS for fecal consistency enhanced after treatment in the LF-GFD group. General well-being increased in both groups but with a much higher improvement in the LF-GFD (p = 0.03). A short-term LFD regimen helps to improve the psychological health and gastrointestinal symptomatology with enhanced well-being of CD patients with persisting functional gastrointestinal symptomatology. The long-term clinical effects of LFD in particular subgroups of CD patients need further evaluation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu10081023","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,7]],"date-time":"2018-08-07T03:44:18Z","timestamp":1533613458000},"page":"1023","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":57,"title":["A Low FODMAP Gluten-Free Diet Improves Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders and Overall Mental Health of Celiac Disease Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Leda","family":"Roncoroni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for the Prevention and Diagnosis of Celiac Disease\/Division of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, Fondazione IRCCS Ca\u2019 Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milano, 20100 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3759-2121","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karla A.","family":"Bascu\u00f1\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for the Prevention and Diagnosis of Celiac Disease\/Division of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, Fondazione IRCCS Ca\u2019 Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Nutrition, University of Chile, 8380453 Santiago, Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luisa","family":"Doneda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milano, 20100 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alice","family":"Scricciolo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for the Prevention and Diagnosis of Celiac Disease\/Division of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, Fondazione IRCCS Ca\u2019 Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vincenza","family":"Lombardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for the Prevention and Diagnosis of Celiac Disease\/Division of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, Fondazione IRCCS Ca\u2019 Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9217-8241","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Federica","family":"Branchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for the Prevention and Diagnosis of Celiac Disease\/Division of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, Fondazione IRCCS Ca\u2019 Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Ferretti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for the Prevention and Diagnosis of Celiac Disease\/Division of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, Fondazione IRCCS Ca\u2019 Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bernardo","family":"Dell\u2019Osso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano, Fondazione IRCCS Ca\u2019 Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20100 Milan, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Bipolar Disorders Clinic, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-5723, USA"},{"name":"CRC \u201cAldo Ravelli\u201d for Neuro-technology &amp; Experimental Brain Therapeutics, University of Milan, 20100 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Valeria","family":"Montanari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for the Prevention and Diagnosis of Celiac Disease\/Division of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, Fondazione IRCCS Ca\u2019 Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria Teresa","family":"Bardella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for the Prevention and Diagnosis of Celiac Disease\/Division of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, Fondazione IRCCS Ca\u2019 Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Elli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for the Prevention and Diagnosis of Celiac Disease\/Division of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, Fondazione IRCCS Ca\u2019 Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"De Re, V., Magris, R., and Cannizzaro, R. 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