{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T04:59:39Z","timestamp":1789707579094,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,20]],"date-time":"2018-08-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1534723200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Medela AG, Switzerland","award":["unrestricted research grant"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["unrestricted research grant"]}]},{"name":"The University of Western Australia","award":["APA Award"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["APA Award"]}]},{"name":"The University of Western Australia","award":["Margaret Lomann-Hall Scholarship from the School of Human Sciences"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Margaret Lomann-Hall Scholarship from the School of Human Sciences"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Human milk (HM) adipokines may influence infant feeding patterns, appetite regulation, and body composition (BC). The associations between concentrations\/calculated daily intakes (CDI) of HM adipokines in the first 12 months postpartum and maternal\/term infant BC, and infant breastfeeding parameters were investigated. BC of breastfeeding dyads (n = 20) was measured at 2, 5, 9, and\/or 12 months postpartum with ultrasound skinfolds (infants) and bioimpedance spectroscopy (infants\/mothers). 24-h milk intake and feeding frequency were measured along with whole milk adiponectin and skim and whole milk leptin (SML and WML) and CDI were calculated. Statistical analysis used linear regression\/mixed effects models; results were adjusted for multiple comparisons. Adipokine concentrations did not associate with infant BC. Higher CDI of adiponectin were associated with lower infant fat-free mass (FFM; p = 0.005) and FFM index (FFMI; p = 0.009) and higher fat mass (FM; p &lt; 0.001), FM index (FMI; p &lt; 0.001), and %FM (p &lt; 0.001). Higher CDI of SML were associated with higher infant FM (p &lt; 0.001), FMI (p &lt; 0.001), and %FM (p = 0.002). At 12 months, higher CDI of WML were associated with larger increases in infant adiposity (2\u201312 month: FM, p = 0.0006; %FM, p = 0.0004); higher CDI of SML were associated with a larger decrease in FFMI (5\u201312 months: p = 0.0004). Intakes of HM adipokines differentially influence development of infant BC in the first year of life, which is a critical window of infant programming and may potentially influence risk of later disease via modulation of BC.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu10081125","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,20]],"date-time":"2018-08-20T11:23:06Z","timestamp":1534764186000},"page":"1125","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["Human Milk Adiponectin and Leptin and Infant Body Composition over the First 12 Months of Lactation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6841-2958","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zoya","family":"Gridneva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Molecular Sciences, M310, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Perth, WA 6009, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sambavi","family":"Kugananthan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Molecular Sciences, M310, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Perth, WA 6009, Australia"},{"name":"School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Perth, WA 6009, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0750-7501","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alethea","family":"Rea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Applied Statistics, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Perth, WA 6009, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9025-4922","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ching Tat","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Molecular Sciences, M310, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Perth, WA 6009, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2378-279X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leigh C.","family":"Ward","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8856-6046","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kevin","family":"Murray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Population and Global Health, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Perth, WA 6009, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter E.","family":"Hartmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Molecular Sciences, M310, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Perth, WA 6009, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Donna T.","family":"Geddes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Molecular Sciences, M310, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Perth, WA 6009, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1159\/000365017","article-title":"The power of programming and the early nutrition project: Opportunities for health promotion by nutrition during the first thousand days of life and beyond","volume":"64","author":"Koletzko","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann. 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