{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T22:19:09Z","timestamp":1784672349813,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,27]],"date-time":"2018-08-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1535328000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The effect of vitamin D receptor gene (VDR) polymorphisms on adverse pregnancy outcomes\u2014including preterm birth (PTB), low birth weight and small for gestational age\u2014is currently under debate. We investigated 187 mother-child pairs from the Italian \u201cMamma &amp; Bambino\u201d cohort to evaluate the association of maternal VDR polymorphisms\u2014BsmI, ApaI, FokI and TaqI\u2014with neonatal anthropometric measures and the risk of PTB. To corroborate our results, we conducted a meta-analysis of observational studies. For the FokI polymorphism, we showed that gestational duration and birth weight decreased with increasing number of A allele (p = 0.040 and p = 0.010, respectively). Compared to the GG and GA genotypes, mothers who carried the AA genotype exhibited higher PTB risk (OR = 12.049; 95% CI = 2.606\u201355.709; p = 0.001) after adjusting for covariates. The meta-analysis confirmed this association under the recessive model (OR = 3.67, 95%CI 1.18\u201311.43), and also pointed out the protective effect of BsmI polymorphism against the risk of PTB under the allelic (A vs. G: OR = 0.74; 95%CI 0.59\u20130.93) and recessive (AA vs. GG + AG: OR = 0.62; 95%CI 0.43\u20130.89) models. Our results suggest the association between some maternal VDR polymorphisms with neonatal anthropometric measures and the risk of PTB.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu10091172","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,27]],"date-time":"2018-08-27T10:56:04Z","timestamp":1535367364000},"page":"1172","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":65,"title":["Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Vitamin D Receptor Gene Affect Birth Weight and the Risk of Preterm Birth: Results From the \u201cMamma &amp; Bambino\u201d Cohort and A Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0905-5003","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martina","family":"Barchitta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies \u201cGF Ingrassia\u201d, University of Catania, via S. Sofia, 87, 95123 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2655-8574","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Maugeri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies \u201cGF Ingrassia\u201d, University of Catania, via S. Sofia, 87, 95123 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Clara","family":"La Rosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies \u201cGF Ingrassia\u201d, University of Catania, via S. Sofia, 87, 95123 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberta","family":"Magnano San Lio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies \u201cGF Ingrassia\u201d, University of Catania, via S. Sofia, 87, 95123 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuliana","family":"Favara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies \u201cGF Ingrassia\u201d, University of Catania, via S. Sofia, 87, 95123 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Panella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery and Medical Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia, 78, 95123 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Cianci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery and Medical Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia, 78, 95123 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4405-8162","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonella","family":"Agodi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies \u201cGF Ingrassia\u201d, University of Catania, via S. Sofia, 87, 95123 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1186\/s13052-016-0254-7","article-title":"Incidence of infants born small- and large-for-gestational-age in an italian cohort over a 20-year period and associated risk factors","volume":"42","author":"Chiavaroli","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ital. J. 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